Edmonton

Province announces $28M for youth transitioning from care, but critics say program falls short

The UCP government is investing $28 million in a program aimed at supporting young adults aging out of government care, but critics say the transition has been disastrous and programming falls short.

Transition has harmed marginalized youth and increased homelessness, critics say

Minister Mickey Amery is smiling and wearing protective goggles in a welding shop during an interview with CBC.
Touring the welding shop at NAIT, Mickey Amery, minister of children services, said TAP is significantly benefiting participants transitioning out of care. (Scott Neufeld/CBC)

The UCP government is investing $28 million in a program aimed at supporting young adults aging out of government care, but critics say the transition has been disastrous and programming falls short for those most in need.

The Transition to Adulthood Program (TAP) was introduced last year as the province moved to end the Support and Financial Assistance Agreements (SFAA).

This week the province announced more funds for TAP — $25.6 million from the Ministry of Children's Services, plus $2.5 million from Skilled Trades and Professions.

"This is a life-changing program for youth in care and I'm incredibly grateful that budget 2023 includes $25.6 million over the next three years to help more youth and young adults make a smooth transition out of care," Mickey Amery, minister of Children Services, said at a news conference Wednesday.

A young woman speaks at a news conference at a podium with a banner that reads: Empowering Youth and Young Adults
Emilia St. Pierre said the TAP program and the support of her foster mother allowed her to achieve her dreams of becoming a welder. (Scott Neufeld/CBC)

One TAP beneficiary shared her journey from foster care to becoming a welder with Red Seal after graduating from the Northern Alberta Institute of Technology.

Emilia St. Pierre said her foster mom was her biggest cheerleader, instilling confidence and encouragement, and caring for her son while she attended school.

"This new initiative from the government can help you find success in life and find the career of your dreams," St. Pierre said.

'We don't need to be limited by our past, and if I can do it, so can you."

Amery said TAP has improved upon SFAA supports by providing services that are specialized and more consistent to build successful, independent lives.

TAP financial supports end when an individual is 22 years-old but non-financial supports are available up to 24 years-old including mental health and addictions services, health benefits, and access to social workers, as part of a larger Youth in Transition program. 

'Unmitigated disaster'

According to critics, TAP was not available as SFAA participants were cut off, and it has left behind those who are most vulnerable.

"They did not have an alternative program in place," said lawyer Avnish Nanda in an interview. "They developed the TAP program and it has been an unmitigated disaster.

"It has forced … people who otherwise would have been through the SFAA program, taken care of, supported, led to an independent self-sustaining life in adulthood, to homelessness, to substance use ... to overdose, death."

Three years ago Nanda  and his client, referred to as A.C. in court documents, filed a constitutional challenge after the province changed SFAA's cut-off age from 24 to 22.

They credited SFAA with keeping A.C. off the streets, and her daughter out of government care, while she focused on her education.

Nanda said social workers were often a lifeline as they served as supportive parental figures by going above and beyond in offering food, rides, home visits or looking for youth who went missing.

Under the new program, Nanda said his client was among SFAA participants immediately directed to Alberta Works or welfare

'She lost her social worker, her only consistent emotional support since the age of nine," Nanda said. It's put my client in such a difficult situation where she's now homeless.  She has survived various forms of physical violence."

Court documents show the government has filed an application arguing the TAP program has addressed concerns raised in the constitutional challenge.

Headshot of lawyer Avnish Nanda in a suit.
Lawyer Avnish Nanda said changes to how the province transitions people out of the child intervention system has led to an uptick in homelessness, drug poisonings and deaths. (Submitted by Avnish Nanda)

Peter Smyth, a social worker who oversaw programming for high-risk youth at Children's Services for decades, said TAP is more suited to youth in foster care rather than high-risk populations.

The reason is because the latter don't have the support networks that build self-worth and resiliency while helping them navigate life's challenges, Smyth said. 

Smyth said that's where the role of the SFAA social worker came in, for marginalized youth who don't trust easily. They forged relationships that took years to build but were severed abruptly, when SFAA ended.

"The implementation of TAP, with no consultation from youth, the front-line workers or community did harm for this population of complex and troubled youth," Smyth said. "I have heard this from all three groups. The youth feel betrayed and abandoned.

"I would anticipate we're going to see an uptick in homelessness in the youth and mental health services with youth getting in trouble with the law, with addictions, because I think a lot of them will go back to using their old coping mechanisms," Smyth said.

Amery said his government is committed to working with young adults with complex needs transitioning out of care.

According to his ministry, of approximately 1,400 SFAA participants, all but 18 transitioned to TAP. When asked by CBC, the government did not provide metrics around changes to homelessness or drug poisonings within the population.