Syria army recaptures northern stronghold

The Syrian army recaptured the northern rebel stronghold of Idlib near the Turkish border, a major base that military defectors had held for months, a pro-government newspaper and an activist group reported Tuesday.

An international rights group, meanwhile, said the regime was planting landmines along the border with Turkey.

Also Tuesday, Syrian officials responded to a number of concrete proposals by international envoy Kofi Annan on how to end violence in their country, according to a UN diplomat.

Annan, who visited Syria over the weekend and was in Turkey earlier Tuesday, told reporters in Ankara that he was expecting a reply from Damascus during the day. "Once we have received their answer, we will know how to react," Annan said.

The UN diplomat, who spoke on condition of anonymity because no public announcement has been made, said, "He did get a reply, and it's under consideration."

The diplomat did not specify what the reply entailed, but Annan, the joint UN-Arab League envoy, has reportedly asked Damascus for some clarifications.

Assad's forces launched siege on Idlib 3 days ago

Also Tuesday, President Bashar Assad set nationwide parliamentary elections for May 7. The vote was initially to take place in March but was postponed after last month's referendum on the country's new constitution that allowed new political parties to run.

In the past, the National Progressive Front, which includes Assad's ruling Baath party and 11 other closely associated groups, had dominated elections and the 250-member legislature.

However, it's unclear how an election can take place as a deadly spiral of violence continues to shake Syria.

Fresh from a monthlong campaign that drove rebels out of another key base in central Homs, Assad's forces launched a siege on the city of Idlib three days ago. The city had been under control of hundreds of fighters for the rebel Free Syrian Army.

The Al-Watan daily and the Britain-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said government troops were in control of Idlib on Tuesday. The Observatory said the army was still facing some resistance pockets in three Idlib areas, including the central neighborhoods of Dubait and Bustan Ghanoum.

Idlib, a predominantly Sunni city of some 150,000 people located about 160 kilometres north of Homs, was among the first to fall in the hands of army defectors last summer. Rebels were in control of a large parts of the city in the past months with troops present in some areas.

There was no official confirmation of its capture and calls to the area were not going through. Witnesses said this week that army defectors in the city have been running out of ammunition.

Many feared the offensive in Idlib could end up like the regime's campaign against the rebel-held neighborhood of Baba Amr in the city of Homs. Troops besieged and shelled Baba Amr for almost a month before capturing it on March 1, after hundreds of civilians were killed.

In Geneva, the UN refugee agency said 230,000 Syrians have fled their homes since the uprising against Assad's regime began last year. The UN says more than 7,500 people have been killed in the past 12 months.

Increased hardship

Panos Moumtzis, the UNHCR's co-ordinator for Syria said 30,000 people have already fled to Turkey, Lebanon and Jordan and "on a daily basis hundreds of people are still crossing into neighboring countries."

Moumtzis said Tuesday that according to the Syrian Arab Red Crescent at least 200,000 people were also displaced within the country. He said some 110,000 mostly Iraqi refugees living in Syria are meanwhile reporting increased hardship due to rising prices for basic goods.

Also in northern Syria, the Observatory and another activist group, the Local Co-ordination Committees, reported intense clashes between government troops and rebels in the town of Maaret al-Numan, in Idlib province, on Sunday night.

The LCC said four civilians were killed in the government shelling while the Observatory said 10 soldiers were killed when their checkpoint was attacked by defectors.

Both groups said that bodies of six people were found Tuesday near the village of Maaret Shoureen in Idlib province. The LCC said Syrian troops stopped the six who were in an ambulance, ordered them out of the vehicle and then shot them dead. Two of the people from the ambulance had been wounded in the shelling earlier.

Tanks deployed around Idlib

Earlier this year, Assad's forces began major military operations to retake rebel-held areas, starting with an attack that recaptured several suburbs of the capital Damascus and followed by the offensive in Homs. The operation in Idlib province, of which Idlib is the provincial capital, is the latest.

An amateur video posted online Tuesday but was said to have been taken three days ago showed several army tanks from a distance in a major street around Idlib. An activist was heard saying that tanks are deploying around Idlib in preparation to storm it.

Also Tuesday, an international human rights group said Syrian troops have planted landmines along routes used by people fleeing the violence and trying to reach safety in neighboring Turkey. It called on Damascus to stop laying the banned weapons as they will hurt Syrians for years to come.

New York-based Human Rights Watch said the mines were planted in the past weeks. HRW said its report was based on accounts from witnesses and Syrian deminers and that the landmines have already caused civilian casualties.

"Any use of anti-personnel landmines is unconscionable," said Steve Goose of Human Rights Watch. "There is absolutely no justification for the use of these indiscriminate weapons by any country, anywhere, for any purpose."

Landmines planted

There was no immediate comment from Syrian officials on the report.

In November, a Syrian official and witnesses told The Associated Press that Syria planted landmines along parts of its border with Lebanon. The official at the time said the mines aim to prevent arms smuggling.

HRW quoted a former Syrian army deminer as saying that in early February, he visited the border town of Hasanieih and found landmines planted "between the fruit trees three metres from the border in two parallel lines, each approximately 500 metres long."

At the beginning of March, the deminer, together with his cousin and three volunteers, removed approximately 300 Russian-made PMN-2 anti-personnel mines from Hasanieih.

HRW also quoted a resident of the Syrian border town of Kherbet al-Joz as saying that for 20 days, until March 1, he saw some 50 soldiers accompanied by two large military vehicles putting landmines starting from Kherbet Al-Joz toward two other villages.