'It was a bad day': Canadian POWs recall disastrous Dieppe raid 75 years later
Some 9,000 Canadians taken prisoner during the Second World War; only a few are left to tell the story
At the age of 21, Paul Delorme was a Canadian soldier like most others — until the day he found himself in a position no Canadian soldier would hold today: prisoner of war.
Looking back now, the time he spent behind enemy lines was painful for him but infinitely preferable to the front line.
To mark the 75th year since the Dieppe raid, Delorme and three other former soldiers have returned to the scene of their capture here with an official government delegation.
It was August 19, 1942.
The failed raid on the beaches of Dieppe was a bloodbath: in a few hours, it claimed hundreds of lives. Delorme survived but was captured, along with hundreds of others, and taken to the relative safety of German POW camps.
2 escape attempts
Still, he did try to escape.
After two attempts, he told CBC News this week while visiting Dieppe, an English-speaking German officer threatened to kill him.
"He said, 'You see this bullet?'" Delorme recalled the officer saying. "'This is what you're doing to get in your head if you escape again.'"
Shortly afterward, says Delorme, two other Canadians who tried to escape the camp were shot dead.
"We buried these two men next day, rolled in black tar paper at the bottom of the stone quarry," Delorme, who is Métis, later wrote in a book about his experience, A Métis Man Goes to War.
Of some 9,000 Canadians who endured life as POWs during the Second World War, only a few are left to propagate a chapter of Canadian war experience that is alien to most later generations.
'It was a bad day'
The Dieppe raid was singular for the record number of Canadian deaths in a single day, ultimately claiming the lives of more than 900. The many Canadians, young and old, visiting the nearby Dieppe Canadian War Cemetery this week acknowledges that loss.
But the story of those who lived for a time in enemy hands isn't as easily revisited.
Dieppe saw more than 1,900 Canadians captured — the largest group taken in Canadian war history.
One of them was Stanley Edwards, who was born in Big Valley, Alta., and was with the 14th Canadian Army Tank Regiment at Dieppe. He's returned for the first time since the raid to pick at old war wounds.
He was 19 years old then. Though he's 94 now, his memories have also survived the years.
"It was a bad day," he told CBC News.
In captivity, he said, "we had no idea what was going to happen to us there."
POWs treated harshly
The experiences of Canadian Second World War POWs are mixed: in many camps German forces lived up to Geneva Conventions and treated prisoners relatively humanely — allowing mail and Red Cross parcels to come through. But in others they treated prisoners harshly, forcing them into hard labour. Some were even executed.
Delorme, who served with the South Saskatchewan Regiment and enlisted with the Royal Regina Rifles, was taken by train to a camp in Germany, initially shackled with other prisoners, and then put to work.
Delorme recalls working long hours in a salt mine and then a stone quarry, where he said he nevertheless learned skills that would serve him later in life.
On his first attempt to escape his imprisonment he spent several days walking the countryside by night, in prisoner overalls, trying to get to the French border. But he was caught, spending almost three years in all before finally going home after the Allied victory.
At the beach this week with his daughter on the latest of several visits here, Delorme, now 97, was slow in movement but not in wit, often joking and laughing — as he did when he suggested his work in the stone quarry was really a ruse for helping build a highway in for the Allies.
The memories are fading for him but still difficult.
- The role of the King's Own Calgary Regiment in Dieppe raid
- CBC Archives: First radio news report of the 1942 raid on Dieppe
"I remember pretty well everything: how some people got killed. I remember all that," he says. "Where are all my friends? Most of them buried in Dieppe. So I pay my respects.
"Sometimes I keep thinking they're better off than me."
Dieppe paved the way for D-Day
As the war wore on, treatment in the camps worsened and diseases set in, terrible experiences that shaped the lives of many soldiers and their families.
"When they take you prisoner, it's really hard to get used to that. And then coming home was another bad thing, from Germany to Canada," says Edwards.
"Coming home to meet my mother, I had lost two brothers … and so it was hard. Very hard."
Veterans Affairs Minister Kent Hehr is touring Dieppe with the four veterans and members of their families.
Their sacrifices should be remembered, he says. "We have to pass it on to future generations."
On the beach where nearly 3,000 Canadians were either killed or taken prisoner, August 19, 1942, was also remembered in today's ceremonies as a battle that paved the way for the D-Day landings, which changed the course of the war — still, at enormous cost.
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