Cuba's power grid suffers yet another collapse as Hurricane Oscar makes landfall

Cuba's electrical grid collapsed again on Sunday, the fourth such failure in 48 hours, as Hurricane Oscar makes landfall and threatens to wreak further havoc on the island's decrepit infrastructure.

Earlier on Sunday, Cuba had said it was making headway restoring service after multiple false starts, though millions of people remained without electricity more than two days after the grid's initial collapse.

"Restoration work began immediately," the country's energy and mines ministry said on X, formerly Twitter.

Hurricane Oscar made landfall on the Caribbean island on Sunday, bringing strong winds, a powerful storm surge and rain to parts of eastern Cuba and threatening to further complicate the government's efforts to re-establish service.

Cuba's meteorological survey warned of "an extremely dangerous situation" in eastern Cuba, while the U.S. National Hurricane Center reported winds of 120 km/h as the storm made its way across the island.

"On the forecast track, the centre of Oscar is expected to continue moving across eastern Cuba tonight and Monday, then emerge off the northern coast of Cuba late Monday and cross the central Bahamas on Tuesday," the U.S. hurricane centre said.

The Communist-run government cancelled school through Wednesday — a near unprecedented move in Cuba — citing both the hurricane and the ongoing energy crisis. Officials said only essential workers should report to work on Monday.

The repeated grid collapses marked a major setback in the government's efforts to quickly restore power to exhausted residents already suffering from severe shortages of food, medicine and fuel.

The multiple setbacks in the first 48 hours also underscored the complexity of the work and the still precarious state of the country's grid.

Cuba had restored power to 160,000 clients in the capital Havana just prior to the grid's Sunday collapse, giving some residents a glimmer of hope.

But Anabel Gonzalez, a resident of old Havana, a neighbourhood popular with tourists, said she was growing desperate after three days without power.

"My cellphone is dead and look at my refrigerator. The little that I had has all gone to waste," she said, pointing to bare shelves in her two-room home.

Energy and Mines Minister Vicente de la O Levy told reporters earlier on Sunday that he expected the grid to be fully functional by Monday or Tuesday but warned residents not to expect dramatic improvements.

It was not immediately clear how much the latest setback would delay the government's efforts.

Cuba's national electrical grid first crashed around midday on Friday after the island's largest power plant shut down, sowing chaos. The grid collapsed again on Saturday morning, state-run media reported.

By early evening on Saturday, authorities reported some progress restoring power before announcing another partial grid collapse.

'It is Cuban culture to co-operate'

Reuters reporters witnessed two small protests overnight after a grid failure left Havana in the dark late Saturday, one on the outskirts of the capital in Marianao and the other in the more central Cuatro Caminos. Various videos of protests elsewhere in Havana began to crop up on social media late on Saturday, though Reuters was not able to verify their authenticity.

Energy Minister O Levy said while the blackouts were bothersome to residents, most Cubans understood and supported government efforts to restore power.

"It is Cuban culture to co-operate," O Levy told reporters on Sunday. "Those isolated and minimal incidents that do exist, we catalogue them as incorrect, as indecent."

Internet traffic dropped off sharply in Cuba over the weekend, according to data from internet monitoring group NetBlocks, as vast power outages made it all but impossible for most island residents to charge phones and get online.

"Network data show that Cuba remains largely offline as the island experiences a second nationwide power outage," NetBlocks said on Saturday.

The government has blamed weeks of worsening blackouts — as long as 10 to 20 hours a day across much of the island — on deteriorating infrastructure, fuel shortages and rising demand.

Cuba also blames the U.S. trade embargo, as well as sanctions instituted by then-president Donald Trump, for ongoing difficulties in acquiring fuel and spare parts to operate and maintain its oil-fired plants.

The United States has denied any role in the grid failures.

Cuba depends on imports to feed its largely obsolete, oil-fired power plants. Fuel deliveries to the island have dropped significantly this year as Venezuela, Russia and Mexico, once important suppliers, have slashed their exports to Cuba.

Ally Venezuela — struggling to supply its own market — cut by half its deliveries of subsidized fuel to Cuba this year, forcing the island to search for more costly oil on the spot market.

Mexico, another frequent supplier, also appeared to have cut fuel flows to Cuba during a presidential election year.

Recently elected Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum has not said if the state-supported supply to Cuba will continue with the same terms under her administration.