Tiger population grows to 3,000 in India
1 person in India is killed by a tiger or elephant daily, making human-wildlife conflict a challenge
India's tiger population has grown to nearly 3,000, making the country one of the safest habitats for the endangered animals.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi released the tiger count for 2018 on Monday and said it's a "historic achievement" for India, whose big cat population had dwindled to 1,400 about 14-15 years ago.
India estimates its tiger population every four years. Environment Minister Prakash Javadekar said the tiger population was 2,226 in the last count, in 2014.
The tiger is India's national animal and is categorized as endangered under the Wildlife Protection Act.
Good news for #<a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/internationaltigerday?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#internationaltigerday</a> 🐯! Latest India <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/tiger?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#tiger</a> census shows population growth - 1/3 more than it had 4 years ago <a href="https://t.co/fdemO6br4E">https://t.co/fdemO6br4E</a> via <a href="https://twitter.com/BBC?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@BBC</a><br><br>With nearly 3,000 <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/tigers?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#tigers</a>, India is home to around 70% of the world's tigers.<a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/WorldTigerDay?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#WorldTigerDay</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/TigerDay?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#TigerDay</a> 🐅 <a href="https://t.co/njg4Pzxi2q">pic.twitter.com/njg4Pzxi2q</a>
—@CITESThe human conflict with tigers has gradually increased since the 1970s, when India started a tiger conservation program that carved out sanctuaries in national parks and made it a crime to kill them.
"With around 3,000 tigers, India has emerged as of one of the biggest and safest habitats for them in the world," Modi said, praising all the stakeholders involved in the country's tiger conservation exercise.
"Nine years ago, it was decided in St. Petersburg (Russia) that the target of doubling the tiger population would be 2022. We in India completed this target four years in advance," Modi said.
He also said that the number of protected areas in the country rose to 860 last year from 692 in 2014. Similarly, the number of community reserves has gone up to 100 from 43 in 2014.
Belinda Wright, founder of the Wildlife Protection Society of India, based in New Delhi, said India should be very proud of its conservation achievement as the latest study was a much larger and more thorough estimation of the tiger population than had previously been done.
"But we still have a long way to go to secure a long-term future for wild tigers," she cautioned, adding that human-tiger conflict was one of the biggest conservation challenges because India has so many people.
Deadly conflict
The conflict between wildlife, confined to ever-shrinking forests and grasslands, and India's human population is deadly. Government data show about one person is killed every day by tigers or elephants.
Last week, some enraged villagers chased and killed a tiger with sticks after it killed a woman working in a farm in the northern Indian village of Khiri. The region is part of the Pilibhit Tiger Range, forest officer Vivek Tiwari said.
Tiwari said the police have arrested four villagers. The area is around 350 kilometres (215 miles) east of New Delhi.
Wright said the government should not relax any protection measure and should avoid "huge linear intrusions, including highways, railways, electric power line and canals through protected areas, as this leads to increased human-tiger conflict."
India's elephants and tigers are some of the most hunted animals in the country, sought for their ivory tusks or bones that are sold on the black market for use in unproven, traditional Chinese medicine. Elephants are also threatened by moving trains.