FDA chief apologizes for overstating convalescent plasma's effect against COVID-19
Mea culpa comes at critical moment for FDA's work on vaccines
Responding to an outcry from medical experts, U.S. Food and Drug Administration Commissioner Stephen Hahn on Tuesday apologized for overstating the life-saving benefits of treating COVID-19 patients with convalescent plasma.
Scientists and medical experts have been pushing back against the claims about the treatment since President Donald Trump's announcement on Sunday that the FDA had decided to issue emergency authorization for convalescent plasma, taken from patients who have recovered from the coronavirus and rich in disease-fighting antibodies.
Trump hailed the decision as a historic breakthrough even though the treatment's value has not been established. The announcement on the eve of Trump's Republican National Convention raised suspicions that it was politically motivated to offset critics of the president's handling of the pandemic.
Hahn had echoed Trump in saying that 35 more people out of 100 would survive the coronavirus if they were treated with the plasma. That claim vastly overstated preliminary findings of Mayo Clinic observations.
WATCH | Plasma treatment not conclusive:
Hahn's mea culpa comes at a critical moment for the FDA which, under intense pressure from the White House, is responsible for deciding whether upcoming vaccines are safe and effective in preventing COVID-19.
The 35 per cent figure drew condemnation from other scientists and some former FDA officials, who called on Hahn to correct the record.
"I have been criticized for remarks I made Sunday night about the benefits of convalescent plasma. The criticism is entirely justified. What I should have said better is that the data show a relative risk reduction not an absolute risk reduction," Hahn tweeted.
The FDA made the decision based on data the Mayo Clinic collected from hospitals around the country that were using plasma on patients in wildly varying ways — and there was no comparison group of untreated patients, meaning no conclusions can be drawn about overall survival. People who received plasma with the highest levels of antibodies fared better than those given plasma with fewer antibodies, and those treated sooner after diagnosis fared better than those treated later.
Hahn and other Trump administration officials presented the difference as an absolute survival benefit, rather than a relative difference between two treatment groups. Former FDA officials said the misstatement was inexcusable, particularly for a cancer specialist like Hahn.
"It's extraordinary to me that a person involved in clinical trials could make that mistake," said Dr. Peter Lurie, a former FDA official under the Obama administration who now leads the non-profit Center for Science in the Public Interest. "It's mind-boggling."
FDA's integrity on the line
The 35 per cent benefit was repeated by Health and Human Services Secretary Alex Azar at Sunday's briefing and promoted on Twitter by the FDA's communication staff. The number did not appear in FDA's official letter justifying the emergency authorization.
Hahn has been working to bolster confidence in the agency's scientific process, stating in interviews and articles that the FDA will only approve a vaccine that meets preset standards for safety and efficacy.
Lawrence Gostin of Georgetown University said Hahn's performance Sunday undermined those efforts.
"I think the integrity of the FDA took a hit. If I were Stephen Hahn, I would not have appeared at such a political show," said Gostin, a public health attorney.
Hahn pushed back Tuesday morning against suggestions that the plasma announcement was timed to boost Trump ahead of the Republican convention.
"The professionals and the scientists at FDA independently made this decision, and I completely support them," Hahn said, appearing on CBS This Morning.
The FDA emergency authorization is expected to increase the availability of convalescent plasma to additional hospitals. But more than 70,000 Americans have already received the therapy under the FDA's "expanded access" program. That program tracks patients' response but cannot prove whether the plasma played a role in their recovery.
