Online crimes see stark increase during COVID-19 pandemic

Police-reported extortion cases in Canada rose nearly 300 per cent in the last decade, new statistics say, as the crime swelled online during the COVID-19 pandemic.

"These concerning increases are being facilitated by social media platforms and other electronic services providers," said Lianna McDonald, the executive director of the Canadian Centre for Child Protection, in a news release.

"It should be a wake-up call."

Crime data released by Statistics Canada Tuesday included an eight per cent increase in the non-consensual distribution of intimate images from 2020 to 2021. There were also increases in indecent or harassing communications, up four per cent, and uttering threats, up three per cent.

The crimes have moved online, Statistics Canada said, and the problem may have been exacerbated by increased internet activity during the pandemic.

There were almost 15,500 cybercrime-related harassing and threatening behaviour violations in 2021, up 21 per cent from 2019.

Stephen Sauer, the director of Cybertip.ca, said the issue has worsened over the last year. The Winnipeg-based Canadian Centre for Child Protection runs Cybertip, Canada's tip line for reporting online child sexual abuse.

There was a 120 per cent increase in reports of online luring between January and June, Sauer said. The line is now getting reports of 300 extortion cases a month, up from 155 earlier this year.

"What this really says is there's a significant problem here. Police are seeing an increase, we are seeing an increase," Sauer said.

The number of people being targeted is also likely higher, Sauer said, but many don't report it out of a sense of embarrassment or shame, especially when they're children.

"I think there are a lot of kids out there that are trying to manage these situations on their own without an adult or without reporting to us," he said.

Often children are specifically targeted, Sauer said. Organized crime rings based overseas pose as young women on social media platforms that teenagers use, such as Snapchat and Instagram.

They convince children to send sexually explicit images or videos and then immediately threaten to share the content if the victims don't provide them with money or sometimes more images.

The consequences of the crime can be deadly. Daniel Lints, a 17-year-old Manitoba boy, killed himself earlier this year only three hours after he was targeted online.

Police agencies across Canada have been sending warnings about the increase in sextortion scams.

Statistics Canada also reported an increase in incidents involving luring a child through a computer — up five per cent over 2020.

Last month, a 13-year-old Alberta girl was missing for more than a week before she was found in Oregon, and her family said she was caught in the psychological games of a man she met online.

A 40-year-old American man was arrested and charged with rape, sexual abuse and kidnapping.

'Free-for-all'

Sauer said cases involving online crimes can be extremely difficult to investigate for police, because most social media companies aren't located in Canada and aren't necessarily compelled to provide officers with information.

While parents should talk about online safety with children, that cannot be the only safeguard for kids who increasingly use the internet for school and socializing, Sauer said.

Social media companies could make immediate changes to ensure kids are safe on their platforms, he said. The federal government could also bring in regulations.

Ottawa just wrapped up an online safety advisory council and is in the process of doing consultations in order to form a regulatory framework to address harmful content online.

McDonald said the new crime data reinforces the need for the government "to swiftly impose regulatory guardrails around the technology industry."

"We don't allow other types of manufacturers to introduce products into the Canadian market that pose a risk to the public," she said.

"Yet, in the digital space, it's a free-for-all at the expense of children."