Canada

5 Canadian cold cases solved with help of genetic genealogy

A brief look at how police in Canada have looked to genetic genealogy to help break long-unsolved cold cases.

Genetics can help investigators identify suspects — whether living or dead

How new DNA and genealogy methods solved a 48-year-old cold case

2 years ago
Duration 2:40
CBC explains how police finally determined beyond all doubt who killed 16-year-old Montrealer Sharron Prior in 1975 despite no new evidence being brought to their attention.

In recent years, Canadian police have looked to genetic genealogy to help solve cold cases dating back decades.

The technique is relatively new and is continuing to make headlines — including this past week, when it was revealed that the 1975 murder of a Montreal teenager had finally been solved

Sharron Prior had never been forgotten in the decades that followed her death. Police questioned scores of people, but an arrest was never made. 

Almost five decades later police say her killer has been identified through investigative efforts that included genetic genealogy — a technique whereby genetic database information is used to look at potential family lineages, in this case in a criminal investigation context.

Here's a brief look at other cold cases where the same investigative technique has been used.

A long-awaited name

In February, police in Windsor, Ont., revealed the name of a man investigators say abducted and killed six-year-old Ljubica Topic in the border city in 1971.

Windsor police identify accused in decades-old cold case

2 years ago
Duration 2:08
Windsor police say they’ve identified the man who killed six-year-old Ljubica Topic more than 50 years ago. Police announced they’d solved the cold case in 2019, but hadn’t revealed the man's identity until now.

Windsor police had revealed in 2019 that the killer had been identified and that he was deceased. His name was not disclosed until this year.

Police named Frank Arthur Hall as the man responsible for her death. He lived on the same road as the Topic family. Hall died in Edmonton in 2019.

Investigators used genetic genealogy in their efforts to identify Hall, police said.

An arrest 4 decades after attack

In July 1981, a man grabbed, dragged and sexually assaulted a teenager in northeast Edmonton.

Forty-one years later, police in that city announced that an arrest had been made.

An investigator from the Edmonton force's historical crimes unit was assigned to review the case in 2018.

Investigators then pursued genetic genealogy in 2021 and found their way to the suspect.

Arrest made in 2 cases from 1983

Two separate, long-unsolved homicides that claimed the lives of Torontonians in 1983 received renewed attention last fall, when police announced the arrest of a suspect.

WATCH | Police announce arrest in deaths of Susan Tice, Erin Gilmour:

Two Toronto cold case murders solved using genetic genealogy

2 years ago
Duration 3:30
Toronto police announced they'd made an arrest in two cold case murders dating back 39 years, with the help of advances in DNA technology.

Police said the killings of 45-year-old Susan Tice and 22-year-old Erin Gilmour had been tied to a still-living 61-year-old suspect.

It had been known since 2000 that DNA linked a single individual to both killings.

But a cold-case investigator told reporters that genetic genealogy had been key to identifying the suspect, now charged with first-degree murder in both women's deaths.

A 36-year wait for the truth

In October 2020, Toronto police announced that investigators had identified the killer of nine-year-old Christine Jessop.

WATCH | Genetic genealogy and the death of Christine Jessop: 

The science that unlocked Christine Jessop’s cold case

4 years ago
Duration 2:09
Toronto police utilized the cutting-edge science of genetic genealogy to help determine who killed Christine Jessop. The science narrowed the field enough to lead police to Calvin Hoover.

Thirty-six years earlier, Jessop's abduction, sexual assault and murder had led to an intensive investigation.

A neighbour, Guy Paul Morin, was subsequently arrested and wrongfully convicted in her death. He was later cleared.

Decades later, the application of genetic genealogy led police to identify Calvin Hoover as Jessop's likely killer. Hoover was deceased by the time this identification occurred.

With files from the CBC's Thomas Daigle, Matthew Lapierre, Lucas Powers and Lisa Xing