World Anti-Doping Agency votes to reinstate Russia
Ban has been in effect since 2015
The World Anti-Doping Agency declared Russia's scandal-ridden drug-fighting operation back in business Thursday, a decision designed to bring a close to one of sports' most notorious doping scandals but one bitterly disputed by hundreds of athletes and described as "treachery" by the lawyer for the man who exposed the corruption.
On a 9-2 vote, the executive committee took the advice of the agency's compliance review panel and declared RUSADA as having satisfied conditions of reinstatement that were gradually softened over the summer.
In most tangible ways, the decision doesn't change much: RUSADA has been up and running for a while, bringing one of the world's largest testing programs back on line with the help of officials from Britain and elsewhere. And Russia's Olympic committee was brought back into the fold after the Pyeongchang Olympics, where athletes who could prove they were clean were able to compete as "Olympic Athletes from Russia."
But RUSADA's reinstatement now clears the country to again bid for major international events — although soccer's World Cup was held there this summer despite that restriction.
Anti-doping figures not happy
It also clears a major hurdle for Russia's track team to be declared compliant by that sport's international governing body, one of the few to take a strong, consistent stand against doping.
Perhaps most importantly, hundreds of athletes and dozens of world anti-doping leaders see it as a stinging rebuke to the ideal of fair play.
Here's a look back at a controversial week for WADA:
"WADA's decision to reinstate Russia represents the greatest treachery against clean athletes in Olympic history," said Jim Walden, the attorney for Grigory Rodchenkov, the former Moscow lab director who exposed much of the Russian scheme.
Athletics Canada's Athletes' Council expressed its concern in an open letter addressed to WADA president Craig Reedie.
"In the wake of the biggest doping scandal of our era, it would be a disaster for the anti-doping movement to have the global regulator walk back on the original roadmap and reinstate RUSADA prematurely. WADA's top priority should be to stand and protect clean athletes, and we sincerely hope our voice has been heard."
Watch Canadian athletes react to WADA's vote:
WADA had been telegraphing the move since Sept. 14, when it released the recommendation of its compliance review committee. Olympic champion Beckie Scott resigned from that committee afterward.
"I'm profoundly disappointed," the Canadian told the CBC News after the decision. "I feel this was an opportunity for WADA, and they have dealt a devastating blow to clean sport. I'm quite dismayed."
Watch Beckie Scott discuss WADA's controversial decision:
Even in Russia, where the news was welcomed, it came with a sense that there's still work to be done.
"These questions will always follow us," said RUSADA CEO Yuri Ganus, whose appointment to the job was part of the housecleaning at the agency that WADA demanded. "These aren't the kind of skeletons which can lie unnoticed in the closet. These are the skeletons which will be banging on the closet door all the time."
The two biggest roadblocks to RUSADA's reinstatement involved the country accepting findings from a report by investigator Richard McLaren that concluded the government had engineered the doping scandal to win medals at the Sochi Olympics. It also involved Russia agreeing to hand over a trove of data and samples that could be used to corroborate potential doping violations that stemmed from the cheating.
McLaren called the vote a "watershed moment for WADA."
"I think WADA found themselves in a difficult circumstance where they decided the practicality of the situation should lead them in the direction that they've gone," McLaren told CBC News. "In the course of doing so they have given up any hold on being able to make Russia comply.
"We'll see what the reaction is around the world. We see a swelling on the athlete side [now], very unfavourably towards what's been done."
Watch Richard McLaren react to Russia's reinstatement:
Over a summer's worth of correspondence between WADA leaders and Russia's sports minister about how to bridge the gap, a pattern emerged of WADA backing down from its initial requirements and, at one point, essentially asking Russia what it would be willing to say in a letter designed to satisfy the WADA review committee.
"We think that a small addition to the letter, if acceptable to you, could ensure that the letter is well received ... and that a positive recommendation is provided," WADA CEO Olivier Niggli wrote to sports minister Pavel Kolobkov in May in a letter obtained by BBC Sport .
'Pragmatic approach' says WADA boss
In the end, Russia agreed to accept findings of an IOC-commissioned report that put less onus on the Russian government for the scheme, a move that Rodchenkov said earlier this week was done "for the pure purpose of protecting their top-level apparatchiks who destroyed the Olympic Games in Sochi."
Russia also agreed to hand over the samples and data by Dec. 31. If it does not, RUSADA will again be declared non-compliant.
"Without this pragmatic approach, we would continue with the impasse and the laboratory data could have remained out of our reach indefinitely," Reedie said after Thursday's executive committee meeting in Seychelles.
Critics said reinstating RUSADA before obtaining the data only amounts to accepting another promise from a country that hasn't kept many over the five-year course of the scandal.
Watch CBC News' John Northcott discuss the growing divisions within WADA:
Travis Tygart, the CEO for the U.S. Anti-Doping Agency, called the decision "bewildering and inexplicable," and urged a full revamping of WADA; Reedie also serves as a member of the IOC, which is one of the many conflicts of interest that bother critics of the agency.
"Let's be clear: Absolutely nothing will be off the table for how we, the anti-doping community, begin the work of reforming WADA," Tygart said.
Reedie said "WADA understands that this decision will not please everybody."
"Clean athletes were denied places at the Olympic and Paralympic Games, as well as other major events, and others were cheated of medals," he said. "It is entirely understandable that they should be wary about the supposed rehabilitation of offenders."
With files from CBC Sports