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The AIH Transcript for June 21, 2017

Hosts: Carol Off and Jeff Douglas

STORIES FROM THIS EPISODE

Prologue

CO: Hello, I'm Carol Off.

JD: Good evening, I'm Jeff Douglas. And this is As It Happens.

[Music: Theme]

JD: Tonight:

CO: Rename, or remain the same? The Prime Minister announces an Ottawa building will no longer be named after an architect of the residential school system, but a former Conservative MP calls that a mistake.

JD: The catalogue's out of the bag. A massive Republican database of personal data on nearly every American voter is left unprotected on the Internet – and our guest will give us a pretty good idea of what, and who, he found in there.

CO: When your patients test you. People were shocked by a video in which a woman demanded a "white doctor" at a clinic near Toronto, but medical professionals say that's far from an isolated incident.

JD: Rash decision. Citing an allergy to his own hockey equipment, Chicago Blackhawks star Marian Hossa announces he'll sit out next season – and a retired NHL-er explains why a similar situation forced him to quit to save his skin.

CO: It seems to me he's lived his life like a Ken doll in the wind. And now, the winds of change have blown through Barbie's partner's immovable hair, as Mattel issues a more Ken-temporary, less Ken-ventional army of toys.

JD: And...slide rule. At North America's oldest annual sporting event, the St. John's Regatta, there's a new rule against lubricating rowers' seats – and that could have painful consequences for athletes' backsides.
As It Happens, the Wednesday edition. Radio that tours the ruins of ancient grease.

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Part 1: Langevin building, racist patients, lube ban

Langevin building

Guest: Paul Calandra

JEFF DOUGLAS: Today, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau stood outside near an Ottawa building, and re-named it.Today Prime Minister Justin Trudeau stood outside a Ottawa building and renamed it

SOUNDCLIP

JUSTIN TRUDEAU: For generations, that building beside us. That houses the prime minister and his or her staff has been referred to as Langevin Block.
We've heard from you, from the TRC, and from many Indigenous communities over the past year, that there is a deep pain in knowing that that building carries a name so closely associated with the horror of residential schools.
Keeping that name on the prime minister's office is inconsistent with the values of our government. And it's inconsistent with our vision of a strong partnership with Indigenous peoples in Canada. And so we will remove this name. And what was once Langevin Block will now officially and publicly become the Office of the Prime Minister and the Privy Council.

JD: That was Justin Trudeau announcing the renaming of Ottawa's Langevin Block. Hector-Louis Langevin was a Father of Confederation. He was also a father of the residential school system. The change was welcomed by Indigenous leaders who had called on successive federal governments to rename the building. But not everyone was applauding.
Paul Calandra is a former Conservative MP, who will be running for the Progressive Conservatives in next year's Ontario election. And we reached him in Markham, Ontario.

CAROL OFF: Mr. Calandra, we just heard Prime Minister Trudeau speak of the deep pain that Indigenous people feel when they see this Langevin Block but named after Hector-Louis Langevin. But you think the name should stay. Why is that?

PAUL CALANDA: Well look, first let me say that I'm obviously sympathetic to how our First Nations feel. But at the same time, I think we have to understand that Langevin is an incredibly important figure in Canadian history. You know he was a father of Confederation, a very important father of Confederation. A giant when it came to helping to ensure that French culture, language, and customs remained intact and a unified Canada. Certainly had to do a better job of understanding the positive things that Mr. Langevin brought about for candidates. But at the same time we can reflect on the things that that weren't so right for Canada when of course reviewed through the prism or the lenses of today.

CO: OK we're even through the lenses of today, even he himself said that this would be something that is hard to take. That, what he was going to do, but he thought it was necessary. This is a quote from Mr. Langevin at the time. And he was a he was a principal person in the Indian Act. And they believed that the residential schools for Indians, as they called them then, was the right thing he says that “If the fact is that if you wish to educate the children, you must separate them from their parents during the time they're being taught. If you leave them in the family, they may know how to read and write, but they will remain savages. Whereas by separating them in the way proposed, they acquire the habits and tastes of civilized people.”
How do you think it is for Indigenous people to walk by that building knowing that the man who said those words is that the name on that on that Langevin Block?

PC: As I said, when you when you review through the lenses of modern day Canada, that that type of thinking has absolutely no place. But I think we do a disservice not only to Canavan or knowledge in an understanding of what brought about confederation, but we also do a disservice if we try to forget those who made mistakes and how those mistakes happened. The last school was closed 1996, we were still taking children out of their homes through the 60s and 70s. So there is a lot more that we have to learn about this and there are a lot of people who through the years had a role to play in this. And I think that by trying to forget or whitewash from history the good and the bad of our history, we do it we do a disservice. And look, I’m an Italian-Canadian. Are we supposed to forget about Mackenzie King because he interred Italian Canadians in the war? No, we learned from those mistakes. We educate our people about those mistakes. And we move on.
Look, not to become too political, I think it's more to do with distracting from their inability to live up to the promises that they made to First Nations through the campaign then that it has to writing a particular wrong.

CO: Well it’s not just the Liberals is it? I mean, Stephen Harper's government of which you were a part, he issued an apology in 2008 about Canada's assimilation policies going back to the residential schools to the present. And he set up the Truth and Reconciliation Commission that eventually led to concluding that that cultural genocide been inflicted on people. Doesn't it follow that that the government should now look at these names on these buildings?

PC: Look I don't think anybody, and I certainly hope nobody will argue that that we have a long way to go when it comes to healing the wounds of the past decisions that were made by governments of all stripes over the years since well before Confederation. Reconciliation has to be something that we continue to do, and that we're continued to be focused on. But I don't think you do that by ignoring those mistakes. Langevin was a father of Confederation. He was hugely important in preserving French, culture, customs and language in a unified Canada. He helped draft the BNA Act.
I don't think that we do a service to this country when we forget the people who helped bring about Confederation.

CO: OK, I’m going to propose something because this has been tried elsewhere. That when we put someone’s name on the building, it's celebrating them, isn't it? It's giving them this historic presence. One way of dealing with it that’s been proposed elsewhere is that you change the name of the building and you put a plaque about the person whose name was there before. You tell the story of what they did, what role they played.

PC: You'll not get any argument from me that we have to do a better job of helping people understand who the people that brought about Confederation were, who the fathers of Confederation are. The good and the bad parts of their time as the political leaders in this country. And I look at a decision made today, you know it's a national historic site, this building. And the best we can come up with is the Prime Minister's office.

CO: OK. Other than the name the name could be a bit more interesting than that I agree, or at least a tribute to somebody. But I just want to go back to what, this is something that that Indigenous people have asked for. This isn't imposed by the government. This is, for instance Romeo Saganash who says, you know, this isn't history. Kids and youth continue to take their lives in First Nations communities. Women and girls continue to disappear and get murdered in this country. This is what he was saying. This is, the legacy lives on. Every time you are reminded of that, these names are the ones that come to come, you know, that that are still there and that he would like to see that changed.

PC: Look and I can appreciate, I do truly appreciate that. I think though that we the way we can to solve these issues or begin to solve these issues is by making real progress on some of the demands, some of the real issues that are facing our First Nations. And I look back at the election campaign, I see the promises that were made for First Nations by the by Prime Minister Trudeau. And they look at what he has accomplished. And I think that today's announcement is more of a distraction.

CO: And just quickly, if there is another minister, first minister who was very much in favor of the Indian Act and the residential schools, John A. MacDonald. Do you see a time when perhaps Mr. MacDonald's name will be challenged on plaques, buildings, and our currency?

PC: Look again I mean, you raise an interesting point. Through what lens will we will we judge people and their contribution to this country? You know 40 years, 50 years from now, people might be looking back at some of the decisions we made today and they might look pretty stupid.

CO: We'll leave it there. Mr. Calandra, thank you.

PC: Thank you so much.

JD: Paul Calandra is a former Conservative Member of Parliament. He's going to be running for the Progressive Conservatives in next year's Ontario election. We reached Mr. Calandra in Markham, Ontario.

[Music]

Flint stabbing

JD: This morning, at the Bishop International Airport in Flint, Michigan, transit police officer Lieutenant Jeff Neville was stabbed in the neck and back. And now, federal authorities have charged a Canadian man in connection with that crime. Early this evening, FBI special investigator David Gelios addressed the media. Here's part of what he said.

SOUNDCLIP

DAVID GELIOS: We are investigating this incident today that happened at about 9:45 this morning as an act of terrorism. We have just filed a complaint charging an individual by the name of Amor Ftouhi. He's a 50 year old resident of Canada who legally entered the United States in Lake Champlain, New York on June 16th and made his way to Flint, and today arrived at the Flint International Airport.
Obviously I know a lot more about this and we're sort of at zero hour of this investigation right now but we do know Mr. Fatouhi entered the airport, he spent a little time on the first level, then he went upstairs, he spent some time in the restaurant up there. And then he came out, he was carrying baggage, he went into a restroom, he spent a little time in the restroom, dropped both bags and came out, pulled out a knife yelled “Allah Akbar” and stabbed Lieutenant Neville in the neck. As was mentioned by the chief, he's in stable condition and is expected to fully recover and that's the most blessed thing I think we can say about this today. It's a good outcome.

JD: That was FBI special investigator David Gelios updating the media around the allegations facing a Canadian man in relation to the stabbing of a police officer. That incident happened at an airport in Flint, Michigan.
In a statement, the Canadian Minister of Public Safety said: "We condemn this heinous and cowardly attack. The officer and his family and colleagues are foremost in our thoughts and prayers." For the latest on this story go to cbc.ca/news.

[Music]

Racist patients

Guest: Danyaal Raza

JD: You have probably seen it by now in the video you can hear a woman demanding a doctor for her son, a white doctor, who speaks English and doesn't have brown teeth. The video was taken at a walk in clinic near Toronto over the weekend. And while a lot of people were absolutely shocked at the racism on display, the president-elect of the Ontario Medical Association has told CBC News that this is quote “not an isolated incident.” Danyaal Raza is a family physician in Toronto.

CO: Dr. Raza, what did you think when you first watched this video?

DANYAAL RAZA: I was a little bit speechless when I first watched it. You know, someone had posted it on Facebook, I opened the link and I was I was pretty stunned.

CO: This woman is just berating people over and over again, demanding that her son be seen by a white doctor, that she is… and she finally says “Being white in this country, I should just shoot myself.” What did you make of the way that people in the clinic were responding to her?

DR: If there was any silver lining you know from that really troubling clip, I think it was how folks really really stood up and you know basically said that this sort of racism is unacceptable, and let and let her know about it in no uncertain terms.

CO: And what about your own experiences as a doctor?

DR: Yeah, you know, I'm of South Asian descent and I practice in downtown Toronto. And I think a lot of the you know the racism that racialized doctors face are pretty subtle. And I think this one was a particularly example of one that was that was not subtle. And I think what was so troubling for me is, you know, if you look at if you look at doctors broadly, were a very fortunate group. We occupy this place of social privilege. So no physician is immune from all of these isms, but because of who we are we are shielded to some respect.
But it seems to be that there's this you know growing trend of more xenophobia in Canada, more racism directed towards racialized people, that now that's beginning to melt away. And it actually makes me really scared, not for myself but for the patients I see who are also racialized. Patients who are working in retail jobs, who are working as cab drivers, or just making ends meet and don't have that title of doctor before their name to help insulate them against this racism. I'm really I'm really worried about my patients.

CO: Tell us a bit more about that and when you start to see such a strong uptick in the numbers of racism incidents that people were reporting?

DR: Yeah I mean you don't have to look back that far. Just last week, Statistics Canada released a report showing that hate crimes against Muslims are up 60 percent, 60 percent in a year. You know we've just, racism is not new to Canada. We're struggling with and trying to understand how we can come to reconciliation with you know Indigenous people who face systemic racism in our… and our healthcare system is no exception to that. We see anti-black racism that also operates in the health care system. So it's not new but it's troubling that it seems that for some for many people these issues are not going away.

CO: And I guess the question is that has it been really since Donald Trump became president that you've seen this uptick?

DR: Yeah I mean we can we saw it in the very recently in the in the federal leadership race for the Conservative party where, you know, one particular candidate. and it's a shame that she shares the same profession that I do, that was really pushing rhetoric that was, you know, that was that was making it easier for people to hold racist beliefs to express them in the way that this woman did in this walk-in clinic in Mississauga.

CO: You’re speaking of the candidate Dr. Kellie Leitch.

DR: That's right.

CO: I just want to go back to what experiences people have in your profession. You said as a doctor you have a bit of a shield because of that title. What about nurses and other frontline workers? The people who are receiving the patients? What did they tell you when they don't have, I guess, that title in order to protect them to some degree.

DR: Speaking broadly about the difficult encounters, it happens with a small number of patients. When it does happen, you know, people who work in the healthcare system who don't have as much social privilege tend to be the target of more of these issues. And that includes frontline staff then up to the nurses and then of course the doctors. And many times if you're, you know, a racialized physician, you may not even, you may be unaware of some of the subtle racism that happens. So for example, I've had colleagues who have finished a patient encounter with someone and then told me afterwards that that patient was so relieved that they were that they were seeing a white physician as opposed to someone who wasn't white, or said something very similar along those lines.
You know when I was in my residency training to be a family doctor, I had a colleague who was a Sikh, and visible Sikh. He wore a turban. And I remember he went out on one of his rotations and he came back very troubled because he was leaving the clinic one day and a patient who was in that clinic earlier that day was out there in the parking lot waiting to yell racial slurs at him.

CO: And what rights do you have? What rights do people in medical profession in health care with the public, what recourse can they take when this happens? Can you refuse to see somebody? Could this could this woman have been kicked out for… I mean it crossed the line and in fact the police are investigating this point to see if a crime was actually committed. But what recourse can you take?

DR: We whenever we see any patient, we…it's our duty as health and health care providers, as physicians to do what we can. I mean that's what we do when we go to medical school and we swear the Hippocratic Oath. But of course if we're in a situation where we feel endangered, where our safety might be a threat, may be under threat, it's perfectly OK for us to remove ourselves from that situation.

CO: How would you have dealt with it if that had been, if you had been there working at that clinic when that woman was ranting? I don’t mean to put you on the spot, but if you can put yourself in that place, what possibly could you have done?

DR: You know I would have done my best to reassure the women that there are people here who can see her son and who can provide them provide him excellent medical care. And just really try to address the reason why she was there in the first place, you know hoping that hoping that she might come around and let her son, let her son be seen.

CO: It's difficult to know what to do with that isn't it?

DR: It is. It is. It's jarring and I mean it's hard enough to talk about. I can't, I can't even, it's so hard for me to say what I would have done in that situation.

CO: Dr. Raza, I appreciate speaking with you, thank you.

DR: Thank you Carol.

JD: Danyaal Raza is a family physician at St. Michael's Hopsital. We reached him in Toronto. For more on that interview or to see the video should you want to, visit our website: cbc.ca/aih

[Music]

Lube ban

Guest: Katie Wadden

JD: The Royal St John's Regatta is North America's oldest annual sporting event. Every summer since at least 1816, crews of rowers have competed for glory on the waters of Quidi Vidi Lake.
But this year, some top teams are worried the organizers are about to spoil the race. And it all began with a ban. A ban on something called Jig-A-Loo.
Katie Wadden is a member of the M5 Crew. We reached her in St John's.

CO: Katie, first of all, what is Jig-A-Loo?

KATIE WADDEN: Jig-A-Loo is a lubricant that has been used on the seats at the Royal Saint-John’s Regatta in order for us to be able to move on then.

CO: What happens if you don't use Jig-A-Loo?

KW: Well if you don't use Jig-A-Loo, it can be a little bit more challenging to move, if you think you start sweating and there is humidity in the air. It prevents us from moving up and down on the seat and can cause actually sores near the bottom.

CO: So it's hard on your tush if you don't have Jig-A-Loo.

KW: Yes exactly yes. So for us as six\-feet rowers, which is different from the Olympic style of five-feet rowing, we actually have to manually move ourselves on our seats and in order to do so, we like to use certain kinds of lubricants.

CO: Have you tried rowing without it?

KW: Oh yes I have before and it's not a great spin when you forget to use something on your seat.

CO: And so people know, because if people have seen rowing boats that where the seats actually move back and forth. You don't have that. This style of rowing has stationary seats right?

KW: Yes. So we have yeah the oldest sporting event in North America which is the Royal St. John’s Regatta and is six-feet style rowing. So we kept with that tradition because as Newfoundlanders, we enjoy tradition. And it's an amazing sport. It's a great community of sport.

CO: Why are the regatta organizers saying that you can't use Jig-A-Loo anymore?

KW: So in 2014, they implemented standard seating. So prior to that, we all brought down our own seat and our own footing. And there was no regulations on what type of lubricants that we were able to use. And due to standardize seats, they feel that they need to control what goes on the seats. And they believe based on their information that this specific type of lubricant wears down the quality of the seats and actually causes them to have marks on them therefore that they have to replace them.

CO: Marks in the seats or marks on your rear ends. So it's a trade-off isn't it?

KW: Yeah I know exactly. So it's a little bit of a, a big battle right now between the rowers and the committee as to who’s right.
People from our crews have contacted the company Jig-A-Loo, contacted engineers that are familiar with this type of material, both the material of the seats and with compounds within Jig-A-Loo. And the information we receive is that there is no way that this type of lubricant is wearing down the seats, and then they counter this. They believe that based on their information there.

CO: Now, you are battling on another front. It has to do with the washers on the oars right.

KW: Yes. So as I said there's this implementation of standardized seats and footing. And prior to that we were able to bring down our own seats. And individuals that were shorter in the boat or crews that were lighter, often what they would do is they would raise their feet so they would add height to the seats and that allows you to pull the oar in at a biomechanically efficient height. And that was adjustable for all the rowers.
And so now with the implementation of the standardized seats, we noticed last year that a rowing style has actually changed because of this. So lighter crews, like women's crews and sports crews,that actually make up over 80 percent of crews down there, are now at a disadvantage because we're not able to modify the height.
So our crew we suggested to the regatta that they implement adjustable washers. And so that now compensates for the height of the seat because now we're able to adjust the height of the washer which allows us to pull in at an efficient level in order for us to bury the blade and to generate speed in the bows.

CO: And have they agreed to that?

KW: We had committee members that were for adjustable washers and the boat has that, individuals that do maintenance on the boat understood our argument for them and they actually implemented them. So for two months we rode with these adjustable washers, and then just like that, the rules committee decided that no, it was against the rules, and now they away from us again.
So right now, as it stands, the committee rules say that the oar locks have to be set to this default height. And this default height is for men. It's set for men crews. And so it's just not representative of the majority of rowers that are down there.

CO: Now why is the committee saying that, this is a quote, “These improvements were intended to make the sport accessible to all ages and abilities especially young children.”?

KW: I'm not sure. We wrote a four page letter. We have three engineers on our crew that are extremely passionate about this issue with evidence based research as to why these adjustments are there for all our rowers. So it would be like asking everyone in a running race to wear the same size shoes.

CO: Well I will leave it there. I wish you a happy rowing season with–

KW: Thank you–

CO: With lubes or with washers or without. And I hope it's a good season for you, Katie. Thanks for speaking with us.

KW: Excellent. Thanks a lot.

CO: Bye-bye.

KW: Bye.

JD: Katie Wadden and her M5 Crew will be competing in the Royal St John's regatta this August. We wish her and all participants and their backsides smooth sailing. We reached Ms Wadden in St John's.

Back To Top »

Part 2: ID leak, Marian Hossa allergy

ID leak

Guest: Chris Vickery

JEFF DOUGLAS: If you or someone you know is a registered American voter, then the Republican National Committee probably knows a lot about you. It probably has access to not only your name and address, but your likes and dislikes, your political beliefs, maybe even your hobbies.
All this information was kept in a massive database managed by a political analytics firm called Deep Root. That database contained more than 198 million voter profiles. And until earlier this month, it was all available to anyone who knew where to look.
Chris Vickery is the cybersecurity researcher who discovered the security flaw. Mr. Vickery works for the cyber security firm UpGuard. We reached him in Santa Rosa, California.

CAROL OFF: Chris, just how much information was contained in this database?

CHRIS VICKERY: There was a total of 25.5 terabytes I believe. However only 1.1 terabytes, which is still a huge amount, was publicly downloadable.

CO: And on that, what was the information that you could actually download or see?

CV: Just about anything you can imagine related to voter registration as well as specific targeted like microtargeting level analysis of voter sentiment, your feelings on a very hot button political topics, as well as many files on the demographics that were hit by political ads. And you are also linking to recordings of those ads.

CO: This is not just like trends and stuff. This has people's names on this. This is what's known about this person's voting preferences, in addition where they live and does it say actually how they voted?

CV: It says how the Republicans think they voted, yes. I could theoretically produce a list of all likely Trump supporters in the United States down to home address and personal phone number.

CO: And how many people do is this data applying to? What percentage of the voters in the United States?

CV: I think it's pretty darn close to 98 percent of the actual registered voters.

CO: Like everybody.

CV: You know, I'm not an authority on it. Yeah, pretty much everything.

CO: And so you just I mean just to try and narrow down to just for instance, yourself. Did you find Chris Vicary on it?

CV: Yes.

CO: And what did you find out? What was on this about you?

CV: I found out that the RNC believes that I'm pretty middle of the road. I attribute that to being very guarded about my opinions and things before you know, a couple of years ago online, and not using supermarket market value cards and things like that. I’m very privacy conscious so they don't have a lot of data points about me as compared to the average person I think.

CO: And you’re a cybersecurity researcher so you know how do you protect your information but lots of people don't. So this is, this data was collected on behalf of the Republican National Committee. And for what purpose did they have it?

CV: You know, I can't put words into their mouths as to why they collect it. I mean you can naturally assume for the purposes of getting Republicans elected, but I don't know what other, what other bills they might be using this data towards.

CO: And the firm that was actually did the collecting for these files was compiled by was called Deep Root. Is that right?

CV: Well, Deep Root, to the best of my knowledge, received this data. You know, I'm not saying there's anything suspicious about how they got it. They are a political analysing group. But they appear to have been focusing a lot on the effectiveness of ad campaigns and analyzing the data as a whole. They didn't, as far as I know, go out and do the canvassing or the direct phone calls that gathered these different data points.

CO: OK, so now how were you able to find it?

CV: Well in layman's terms, basically I put in a random web address and it was there in front of me. A little more complicated explanation is that I know Amazon's Cloud file repositories use a certain you are a certain URL string. So the only part that I had to guess was the first keyword, which turned out to be DRA-DW, 6 characters, is all that stood in the way of anybody from downloading the entire nation's voter database.

CO: Now were you looking for this? Were you were you trying to hack in? Or is this something you just almost by chance encountered.

CV: Well I want to be very clear that there is no sort of hacking involved at all whatsoever. This is the complete other side of the spectrum. All I did was go through the regular web connection stuff. No trickery here or hacking whatsoever, which is partially you know even scarier.

CO: And how long had this been publicly exposed, all this information.

CV: I've heard that Deep Root is claiming it was exposed, well, that they left out a security check on these permissions on June 1st and then it must have gotten publicly exposed sometime after that. That's what I've heard from them. Personally, I haven't seen evidence that way as to whether it was exposed before June first or not. All I could testify to is that it was open on June 12th when I found it and it got closed off the late evening of June 14.

CO: What has Deep Root or the Republican National Committee said about the fact that all this information was left lying around?

CV: The first response I heard officially from Deep Root was a comment that they gave you at least two journalists that I know. And at first they were quite hostile towards the idea that they were suggesting there had been unauthorized option of some intrusion into their systems and such. But then I think they calmed down and realized what the situation really was and maybe looked into my backgroung a little and realized that no there wasn't actual hacking going on here. And they responded, you know publicly very well. I have to commend the fact that they've taken responsibility and owned the fact that this was a misconfiguration of sorts most likely, rather than trying to say they were maliciously attacked.

CO: Well we understand that the Russians go to great lengths to try and hack into information like this. Maybe they maybe they tried too hard. Maybe it's far easier to get access to things and documents and information like this in the United States.

CV: Well you know I've always said for a long pause that the actual militias [unintelligible] out there are just trying too hard and if they just opened their eyes, they could find this stuff a lot easier.

CO: Do you know if the Democrats have databases like this?

CV: They most likely do have similar databases. But the history of what I found, this is the third time I’ve found the entire United States voter registration, you know, exposed in a large repository. And all three times, they’ve been Republican-leaning organizations that have been behind it. At least that's my belief.

CO: Yikes. All right, Chris, it's good to talk to you. Thanks very much.

CV: OK.

CO: Bye-bye.

CV: Bye.

JD: Chris Vickery is a cybersecurity researcher at UpGuard. We reached him in Santa Rosa, California. As It Happens did reach out to Deep Root Analytics, the company that owns the database. We did not receive a response.

[Music]

Castille squad car

JD: Since the acquittal last week of the Minnesota police officer who shot and killed Philando Castile, two more disturbing videos of the shooting and its aftermath have been released. Yesterday, a dash cam video came out showing the 40 seconds it took for the traffic stop in Falcon Heights to turn deadly. Today, a recording from inside the police cruiser emerged.
And that recording shows a handcuffed Diamond Reynolds and her four-year-old daughter, Dae'Anna, in the backseat of the police car. The little girl pleads with her mom not to raise her voice or try to remove the cuffs, for fear that she, too, will be shot. Here's part of that recording, which, I will warn you, is disturbing.

SOUNDCLIP

DAE’ANNA: Mom, please don’t move because of the [unintelligible] because I don’t want you to get shooted.

DIAMOND REYNOLDS: OK, give me a kiss. Come here. I can’t believe they just did that.

[Sound: Dae’Anna crying]

DR: Hell, is no one going to take these f–king things off?

DAE’ANNA: No please no. I don’t want you to get shooted.

[Sound: Police radio]

DR: They not going to shoot me, OK? I'm already in handcuffs.

DAE’ANNA: Don’t take them off. Because I take them off of and everything started. I don’t want it to be like this anymore.

DR: Tell that to the police, OK? When they come, OK? Tell them that you wish they didn’t have to kill people.

JD: That was Diamond Reynolds and her four-year-old daughter, Dae'Anna. The pair were in the car with Philando Castile when he was shot and killed by Minnesota police last summer. This recording is of them in the backseat of a police car, after the tape itself was made public today. Last week, the officer who shot Mr. Castile was acquitted on all charges.

[Music]

Marian Hossa allergy

Guest: Tom Reid

JD: Three-time Stanley Cup winner Marian Hossa will not be playing hockey next season.
The veteran Chicago Blackhawks winger – and former Ottawa Senator – announced this morning in a statement that because of a "progressive skin disorder", and the treatments he's taking to control it, he won't be back on the ice this fall. While it's unclear what exactly is going on with Mr. Hossa's skin, it is not unheard of for players to develop something like a skin allergy to their hockey equipment. It's called "the gunk" - and it caused former defenseman Tom Reid, who had also had played with the Blackhawks, to retire from the game in 1978 after more than a decade in the NHL.
Now Mr. Reid owns a hockey pub and works as a radio broadcaster for the Minnesota Wild. We reached Tom Reid in St Paul.

CO: Tom, do you have any sense what Marion Hossa is going through right now?

TOM REID: Well I think I do because you know, I was in the same situation as Marian, and all of a sudden you wake up one day and realize that you may not be able to play the game anymore at the highest level. You know, there's obviously disappointment with it. You want to go out when you feel like you want to go out, you don't want to go out on an injury or illness of some type. It’s always unfortunate when you have to leave something you love to do and you have no control over it.

CO: What's it like, this condition, this rash that you developed as a hockey player?

TR: Well I would preface this saying I'm not sure if it's the same thing that he had, but in my situation, I had no skin to my waist to below my neck, front and back. I was secreting like a bloody puss-y liquid. And it's worse, in where I would have to wrap myself in towels to protect my clothes as best I could. The problem with that is, when it dried up, you take the towel off, you reopen the wound. So there was never any relief from it.
The more I played, the more difficult it became for me to play.
Now the first eight years I had no problem. It started very gradually in my ninth year, with a very small spot on my arm. And then the next year they moved into my torso and it became a little more pronounced at that point. And by the third year in, when I started training camp everything was fine. But then in a few weeks it started to come back, and the only relief I got from it was being away from the ice for about two weeks at a time. I only played 36 games of the schedule the last year of my career because most of the time was spent on the sidelines or in the hospital trying to get relief from the problem I had. And once I left the game, within two weeks it’s cleared up and I've never had the problem since.

CO: And it's called gunk. That's kind of a nickname. What was it diagnosed as being?

TR: They said it was the gunk. Nobody had a name for it. They couldn't figure out what it was because, it was kind of like a perfect storm. It was a combination of my body chemistry. It was the friction of the equipment. It was the heat generated in the perspiration, those four things together created a problem for me.
The word “gunk” came forward because they didn’t have a name for it. I was going to the number two dermatology center in the United States, and they tried everything. They tried to find out exactly what my allergies were, if I had any of what they were and nothing ever popped up. And so it was hard to treat something when you don't know what's causing it. They did everything they possibly could but some point they said you know we cannot continue to give you the steroids and the cortisone shots anymore. You'll be dead by the time you’re 40. Well that kind of painted a picture for me that Sayonara, I’m out of here. And so I left again. And it was a difficult time in those days too for me to walk away. I figured I had another you know three four or five years remaining but never got to that point.

CO: It sounds similar to what we've heard from Marian Hossa, that it's not just the skin condition but that the medication he was on was having horrible side effects. That was a combination of things. It sounds very similar to yours doesn't it?

TR: Well the skin may, but I'm sure technology has changed since 1978 and the medications they have nowadays for bad things like that. I had to rely on hopefully be the creams the [unintelligible] the cortisone, and things like that trying to you know give me some relief from it but eventually it just took its toll on me. And I had to step away. I mean I can remember we had to do two a day practices and I told the coaches you can have me for practice or you can have me for games. And they say well we can show favoritism. Everyone has to go two a day. And I did one session of two a day and I never put the equipment back on again.

CO: And this was definitely associated with the equipment. Was there anything you could do, I mean these jerseys are synthetic and so maybe you know, something that could breathe a bit more. Was there anything you could do, any clothing that might have changed it?

TR: Well we tried everything and we changed equipment numerous times trying different manufacturers. We coated the equipment with a plastic liner. We coated the equipment with cotton material hoping that maybe as a barrier. We will put skin creams on me before the games. I mean I changed my undergarments after the pre-game skate and then after each period hoping that maybe if it's the perspiration that’s causing it then that will be you know less of an impact than my skin. They tried spraying me with water when I was on the bench trying to cool me down as best they could. But it was just it was just a number of things that really came together and just you know compounded itself inside the point is I just I just cannot go anywhere I'm sitting in a straight-backed wooden chair with a sheet over top of me because I couldn't lay down the beds anymore. It became quite a burden.
And you know I was fortunate to have 11 years in the league. And I can't look back and regret the fact that I had to leave. I was one of the few that was able to make it back in those days.

CO: But you've never had the conditions since you left the game.

TR: No no no at all. Within two weeks of me leaving the game, it has never come back. And I played some pickup games over the years at the beginning. And I could actually feel a little bit of a tingling after some of the games and I just said you know what I don't even play in those anymore. I just slipped away from it.

CO: Do you know of other players who have it?

TR: If my recollection is correct, I believe there about 40 players around the league that had some form of it. There were players in my own team that had a little bit of it. Not like to my degree but theirs cleared up. And I'm not seeing it’s exactly the same neither because the they were able to continue their careers. But I know that I was not the only one that was affected back in those days.

CO: Now you know there are skeptics. The claim is that this is just a convenient way for the Chicago Blackhawks to get around their salary cap. What do you think of comments like that?

TR: I think is very immature to be honest with you. I mean, here's a guy who loved the game, do you think he wants to go out with that hanging over him? Absolutely not. He's leaving the game because he's got a medical issue that is of control.

CO: What would you say to Marian Hossa if you could right now?

TR: Well you know, you've had a great ride and as difficult as it is, there is life after the game. You’ll be a Hall of Fame member. There's no question in my mind. He's been terrific for the Blackhawks, he's played well wherever he's gone and he's got his name on the Stanley Cup which a lot of people including myself can never say. So he's had a wonderful career and it's not just on the ice. You'll find that there's more time for doing some of the things with he in the same way that he wanted to do on now those days that you have to give up because of the game.

CO: Tom, I really appreciate speaking with you. Thank you.

TR: OK, Carol, my pleasure.

JD: Tom Reid is a former NHLer who had to retire after eleven years, due to a skin allergy. Today, Chicago Blackhawks star Marian Hossa announced he won't play next season for a similar reason. We reached Tom Reid in St. Paul., Minnesota, where he owns a hockey pub and works as a radio broadcaster for the Minnesota Wild.

[Music]

New Ken doll

JD: "I was born on March 11, 1961 so I'm a Pisces. True to form, I'm loyal, supportive, compassionate and a DREAMER. I can also sense when something is askew long before anything is said, making me the ultimate boyfriend for any occasion."
That could come from anyone's dating profile, so let me give you a few objective facts about the dude who said that stuff, because he has a few...let’s call them idiosyncrasies. For example: if you think you can change his hairstyle, think again. Because his hair is either just a hair-shaped lump that's actually part of his skull, or a rigid, immovable do implanted in his pliable scalp. Also: you can remove his head with relative ease, but you will never get his underwear off.
You already know all that, of course. Because you already know Ken. Ken Carson. Of "Barbie and Ken". Like all of us, Ken has changed a lot over the decades.
He's been Sun Lovin' Malibu Ken, Disco Ken, Rappin' Rockin' Ken, Totally Hair Ken, and Earring Magic Ken. But regardless of his hairstyle and accoutrements, he's essentially been the same guy: a well-built, smiling white guy with blue eyes, good abs, and no nipples.
There's still a Ken who looks like that. But now, there are new Kens joining that Ken. A black Ken with cornrows. Brown-eyed Ken with a man-bun. Unsmiling, giant-eyeglasses Ken. Fifteen new Kens in all, in one of three body types, described by Mattel as "slim", "broad", or "original".
Barbie general manager Lisa McKnight says, "Evolving Ken was a natural evolution for the brand and allows girls to further personalize the role they want him to play in Barbie's world."
Well, welcome to that world, Ken and Ken, and Ken and Ken, and all the other Kens – slim, broad, and original. Even the man-bun one. Nice to see your "brand" has a certain flexibility – even if it that doesn't extend to your elbows.

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Part 3: Otto Warmbier: Kenneth Bae, St. Boniface doctor

Warren Sapp

JEFF DOUGLAS: If you mention Warren Sapp's name to any quarterback who played in the last 25 years, they will still cower in fear.
The 300-pound former National Football League defensive tackle was a devastating force on the field during his 13 seasons with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers and the Oakland Raiders.
But Mr. Sapp's high-impact style of play took its toll. And yesterday, the 44-year-old Hall of Famer released a video pledge, announcing that when he dies, his brain will be donated to the Concussion Legacy Foundation.
In the video, Mr. Sapp admits he struggles with memory loss. He says he decided to make the pledge after he received an email with quotes from NFL owners denying any correlation between the game and chronic traumatic encephalopathy, or other degenerative brain diseases. Here's a clip from the video.

SOUNDCLIP

WARREN SAPP: I remember those month long training camps where we just banged and banged and hit. And it was who was tough in the misery loves company and all the foolish sayings we used to say to each other. I mean, I mean it was just it was just bad. It was Neanderthals. We were dinosaurs. You know Oklahoma drew a bull in the ring, all the crazy stuff that was just about a tough guy. It wasn’t about how much skill you had. It was just the bare bones of bone on bone. And that's not what this game should be. It's about skills.
We play in a macho league and we're talking about Hall of Famers now who are immortalized forever, made busts and everything. Legends of the game. There's no way any of us want to really admit that we can't remember how to get home or a grocery list that the wife has given us all how to go pick up our kids to the school or whatever it may be. You try to… alright, I’m going to get a little more sleep. Maybe, you know, something I did last night or something I drank or whatever it is. You try to find a reason that it's not that it's my brain. That I'm not deteriorating right before my own eyes. You feel like a child. I need help. I need somebody to help me find something that I could have found with my eyes closed in the dead of night half-sleep.
I used to call myself an elephant in the room, never forget anything. Man I wake up now and I be like “OK what are we doing?” Let me get the phone. I mean with the reminders in the phones, it really helped me get through my day with appointments and different things that I have to do because it's just I just can't remember any more like I used to. And it's from the banging we did as football players.
We used to tackle him by the head, used to grab face masks. We used to allow Deacon Jones to do the head slap. All of that was something that we had to take away from the game we still quarterbacks below the knees. Now it’s the strike zone. The game is getting better. Let's just make it all the way better for everybody involved, especially the youth. I'm talking about seven, eight, nine, ten, 11, 12, 13.
We eliminate to tackle football for all the kids, we put them on equal playing field so they all the brains develop, and then we in high school, now let's go. Now let's pick out a four year plan for you to find the college you want go to, play the game you know and love and be good at it. That's the biggest thing. Make it safer for everybody that's involved. Let's get the research, let's apply the knowledge, and let's make it all better for everybody.

JD: Hall of Famer Warren Sapp. Yesterday the legendary defensive tackle released a video pledge announcing that when he dies his brain is going to be donated to the Concussion Legacy Foundation.

[Music]

Otto Warmbier

Guest: Kenneth Bae

JD: Otto Warmbier's life ended this week. And there are a lot of unanswered questions surrounding his death.
The 22-year-old American tourist had been detained in North Korea, serving out a sentence for allegedly stealing a propaganda poster. When he returned to the U.S. last week, it was clear something was wrong. Mr. Warmbier was in a coma, a condition North Korean officials say was caused by botulism and a sleeping pill. Doctors in the United States say that explanation does not add up.
Eight days after returning home, Mr. Warmbier died in hospital.
We may never know the whole story about his treatment in North Korea. But Kenneth Bae is trying to make sense of it. Mr. Bae is a Korean-American missionary who was detained in North Korea in 2012. He was eventually released after 735 days. That is longer than any U.S. citizen detained since the Korean War.
We reached Mr. Bae in Seoul, South Korea.

CAROL OFF: Mr. Bae, how are you reflecting on Otto Warmbie’s death this week?

KENNETH BAE: I spend, it's just devastating to see what happened with Otto Warmbier. And I never expected something like this can happen to such a young man. I was very upset and not able to do anything else other than thinking about his family and I was a mourning with the family at this time.

CO: I mean to say that you couldn't imagine something like this could happen. But you were there. You were the longest person, American, who's been, who’s served a sentence in North Korea, 735 days. Why does it surprise you that Mr. Warmbier was treated so badly that he ended up in coma?

KB: In my case, I was never physically tortured or abused. The reason why that he was there is because he was part of the political bargaining chip rather than anything else, so I was really surprised to see they haven't done something like this to American prisoners rather than their own.

CO: The North Koreans say that he was sick after he had contracted botulism, and then they sent him home in that condition. They claim it was nothing to do with how he was treated. What do you make of that?

KB: It doesn't make any sense for their explanations. I just can't understand how something like this will affect him this way. I mean this I have no idea.

CO: He was sentenced to 15 years of hard labour because he was accused of having torn down a propaganda poster. People around him said that they think that was unlikely. But in any event, that was his crime. What would the hard labour have been like? Did you have a similar sentence?

KB: Otto received 15 years hard labour sentence, physical labour work, from eight o'clock in the morning until 6 o'clock in the evenings every day for six days a week. So I had to do some farming work, do some road repair, and carrying rock and other top form of the hard labour I had to do at the time.

CO: You ended up in hospital several times. Why is that?

KB: When I was at labor camp, I was losing weight rapidly because the food that I was eating was not, that was not enough to keep up. Pretty much lost about 27 kilos and I was taken into hospital for malnutrition and other problems at the core while I was in the labor camp.

CO: But you say that you weren't tortured. How did you come to make the confession that you made?

KB: You know there wasn't… it wasn't physical torture but they do have some few remarks indicating that if you don't cooperate, then we’ll have to do some other way to get your confession. So there was some threat was made.

CO: And what did you confess to?

KB: North Korean governments accused me that I was trying to overthrow the government. They said that through the prayer and the worship and bring in the Christians to pray against the governments at the time. So I had to sign the confession that I didn’t bring the people to pray. I didn't tell them to pray to overthrow the government at the time but this is how they took it. And then I had to sign a confession.

CO: And I understand when you were detained, when you were in prison in North Korea, you had frequent contact with family, that you got a lot of e-mails and you were in touch with people. It seems that Otto Warmbier was denied that for his entire detention. What does that tell you?

KB: What happened to Otto Warmbier is that right up to his arrest, he went to the trial right away. Normally took about three or four or five months before they put people into trial but he was tried about a month after or so, soon after that he was in he fell into the coma. So therefore, you know, even they wanted him to, they probably couldn't have any contact with the family members or consular visit by the Swedish embassy in Pyongyang because he was already in coma and they kept that secret for 14 months.

CO: Why do you think he was in coma? What's your guess?

KB: Right after his trial, he probably had a nervous breakdown or some sort of, because when I saw him on, he did a press conference, I can see that he was very very stressed. And so I do believe that there was, there may be a threat that was made to him but there's no way that I know for sure.

CO: What you're describing, Otto Warmbier, he was crying at that press conference. He was in a very bad way as he was presenting his confession.

KB: That's correct. Every time that they put anybody on that kind of showcase, they usually do the rehearsal and they pretty much give them what they want he's supposed to speak so…
I also had a press conference from when I was there. Because it was because of Dennis Rodman visited North Korea. He made a remark about my case. And because of that, they put together a press conference for me to say three things.
One is to admit my guilt. Two is to apologize. Three is asking for mercy for North Korean governments and also for United States government to intervene. And I have to do three or four day we also for the press conference before I was able to go and speak.

CO: Just to remind people that Dennis Rodman was American basketball player who went to North Korea, was very chummy with the regime and he made disparaging remarks about you, didn't he?

KB: Yeah. Well because of his rant in that my case you know was more internationally known at the time.

CO: That publicity that Mr. Rodman inadvertently gave your case.

KB: Yeah, I do believe so. Yeah.

CO: As you know, there are three other Americans who are detained in North Korea. There is a Canadian pastor, Hyeon Soo Lim who is also there. There's always this controversy about how, what's the best way to help them. To openly condemning the government for treating people this way or just to quietly try to do things through back channels. What's your view?

KB: Because what happened to Mr. Warmbier, I do believe it now is time to speak up. We need to have one voice. Even the government are demanding for their release, at the same time, we as a public need to be aware of it and continue to you know ask the government the U.S. government, Canadian government to step in and do something right away.

CO: So you think the governments of Canada and United States should be very vocal at this point.

KB: Yeah I do believe so. They need to find a way to get them home.

CO: All right. I think a lot of people would agree with you Mr. Bae. Thank you for speaking with us and telling us your story.

KB: Well thank you.

CO: Good night.

KB: Have a good night.

JD: Kenneth Bae is a Korean-American missionary who was detained in North Korea for seven hundred thirty five days. He was released in 2014. We reached him in Seoul.

[Music]

St Boniface doctor

Guest: Marcus Blouw

JD: Last month, St. Boniface Hospital in Winnipeg made a surprising policy decision. The board of the Catholic hospital voted to allow access to medically-assisted dying, under rare circumstances.
It didn't however take long for a reversal. The hospital's management team appointed ten new board members who hastily voted to overturn the policy.
And now, a doctor at the hospital, and a former board member, says the board's decision to bar access to medically-assisted dying to patients is misguided, and possibly unconstitutional.
We reached Dr. Marcus Blouw in Winnipeg.

CO: Dr. Blouw, why should St. Boniface hospital be required to offer access to medically assisted dying?

MARCUS BLOUW: I think for a few different reasons. This is a publicly funded hospital. The Catholic Health Corporation does supply funding for some things within this hospital but not for clinical services. The tax payers of Manitoba deserve to have equal access to medical procedures, especially medical procedures that are required for vulnerable suffering people. And they shouldn't have to be forced to move to receive those things.

CO: Even if it's a Catholic institution, and as we know the Catholic Church is against medical assisted death and that's the policy that the board seems to have taken at St. Boniface hospital, are they in Manitoba entitled to do that?

MB: Apparently so. This goes back to an agreement signed in 1996. This agreement was an understanding between the provincial government and the faith based health organizations that they would allow the government to fund and provide health care services in their facilities with an understanding that they would continue to have governing authority over various policies at those facilities. But in 2017 with the way that moral and ethical attitudes of Canadians in general have evolved around this topic, I just don't think that it jives anymore with how the Catholic Health Corporation view medically assisted dying.

CO: But it’s of note though, speaking of the present day, not the 1990s, that when the new law allowing for medically assisted death came into play, the federal government doesn't address the issue of whether or not hospitals can refuse to comply with it or to offer the service even though it was recommended that they should look at that. So there doesn't seem to be a law that says that they are not allowed to decline.

MB: You may very well be right Carol. The trouble though is that, you know, the Canada Health Act states that we should have universal access to health services. It is true that in a city like Winnipeg we transfer patients from hospital to hospital all the time because they don't have access to specific things at specific sites. For instance St. Boniface hospital cannot provide somebody with neurosurgery if they need it. And so they would automatically be transferred if that's what they required. Medically assisted dying is very different. This is a service that is provided with medications that are readily available in all hospitals of a size similar to St. Boniface. And it is, in Manitoba, provided by a team of people who have made it their mandate to be mobile. To come to people's homes, to come to different hospitals. And they have been, as far as I'm aware, willing to travel all over the province to do this. So the argument to not offer it here is not based on practicality or even a legal standard as far as I'm concerned. The decision to not do this is based purely on Catholic doctrine.

CO: Why can't the patient who wants a physician assisted death and who qualifies for it, why can't they go to another hospital. That's been suggested by St. Boniface.

MB: Yeah. And in quite a few cases they probably could. There will be, not might, but there will be some number of patients who are at St. Boniface specifically because they require the most sophisticated level of palliative care that is available in the province. This is the only site that delivers some of those very complex palliative care services. Those patients I think will suffer more than they need to and more than they ought to during a transfer process, and whatever facility they end up in after leaving St. Boniface hospital, will probably be incapable of providing the same level of palliative care service.
And to have someone tell you in that state that you have to be moved and the team of caregivers that you've become accustomed to and become comfortable with will no longer be looking after you because your request doesn't fit in with our religious doctrine, that doesn't sit well with me. And I think it doesn't sit well with a lot of health care practitioners and a lot of Canadians.

CO: Can you explain what happened here because there was, the hospital board did vote in favor of access to assisted dying in rare circumstances. It wasn't broad. And then that vote happened and then there was another vote. How did this about face come to pass?

MB: I was a member of that original board that voted as you described. Very shortly thereafter we got notice that the board would be increasing by 10 individuals and that those individuals had been selected by the Catholic Health Corporation and that decision was being made specifically for the purpose of re-voting on this issue. They also pointed out that this was completely within their rights. They made the point that the board was not fully staffed before and they were bringing it up to the full quota.

CO: What have people at the hospital, your colleagues, what do they think of that?

MB: I've been receiving a flurry of phone calls and e-mails and text messages about people who are irate that this is how things have transpired. People who are very frustrated that we work under the thumb of this system, even though the Catholic Health Corporation doesn't directly employ any of us.

CO: Do you think a legal challenge is in order here?

MB: Absolutely. I think that ultimately, a patient or their family will be sufficiently upset with decisions similar to this one in a faith based institution somewhere across the country and will make a legal issue of it. So far, we are seeing faith based institutions across the country really digging in their heels around this issue and really insisting that they should continue to have oversight authority and management powers over publicly funded health care institutions. And I think that has to change.

CO: Dr. Blouw, we'll leave it there but I appreciate speaking with you. Thank you.

MB: Thank you so much Carol.

JD: Dr. Markus Blouw works at St. Boniface hospital and is a former member of the hospital's board. We reached him in Winnipeg.

NYC Dancing

JD: "Your Committee believes that these 'wild' people should not be tumbling out of these resorts at six or seven o'clock in the morning to the scandal and annoyance of decent residents on their way to daily employment."
That is what New York City's Committee on Local Laws said back in 1926, when it enacted its so-called "Cabaret Law", prohibiting dancing. Well, that's not entirely true: groups of two could dance all they wanted. Three or more, nope. Unless the establishment had a special license. Which was well-nigh impossible to get.
The law just happened to target jazz clubs in Harlem, where black artists played, and white and black people danced together. But, of course, those were different times. Obviously, it hasn't been enforced in decades. This is New York City we're talking about.
Here's the thing, though: the "Cabaret Law", still on the books. During his tenure, back in the '90s, former New York Mayor Rudy Giuliani pulled it out of mothballs to justify raids on dance clubs, to drive them out of business. And ever since, some club owners say, police still cite the anti-dancing law when it suits them, to selectively shut clubs down. That's why the Dance Liberation Network formed. And why, yesterday, that group and its supporters went down to City Hall to try to convince council to repeal the Cabaret Law, which it calls "archaic," "racist", and "homophobic". [lb Councillor Raphael Espinal is already on board. He's introducing a bill to repeal the law. And if you think you're the only one who's noticed the similarities between the Big Apple and the fictional town of "Bomont, Utah" in a certain 1984 movie starring Kevin Bacon, you're not.
Councillor Espinal says, quote: "The premise of 'Footloose' was that you couldn't dance in the town, and here we are in New York City telling businesses and patrons they're not protected by the First Amendment and we have a law on the books denying them the opportunity to dance." [lb We will keep you posted on what happens. In the meantime, New York City councillors: come on. You'll get by, if you only cut loose.

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June 21, 2017 episode transcript

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