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The AIH Transcript for March 27, 2020

Hosts: Carol Off and Ali Hassan

Prologue

CAROL OFF: Hello. I'm Carol Off.

ALI HASSAN: Good evening. I'm Ali Hassan, sitting in for Chris Howden. This is As It Happens.

[Music: Theme]

AH: Tonight:

CO: A lifeline in the nick of time. The federal government announces a huge program to help businesses pay their workers during the pandemic. A Vancouver restaurant owner tells us it'll help keep him afloat...for now.

AH: It's going to get worse before it gets any better. A Brooklyn doctor says he and his colleagues are already facing war-zone-like conditions. And the peak is still to come.

CO: Wait for it. First, she learned her double mastectomy had been cancelled. Then she discovered she's not the only one having vital surgery put off as hospitals prepare for a surge of COVID-19 cases.

AH: Researchers discover some very very old donkey bones that prove Aristocrat's used the humble animal to play polo in China about a thousand years ago. Now, that's brainpower.

CO: Flattening the curve while dealing with a steep learning curve. An employee at Oklahoma's shuttered cowboy museum, discovers he's a bit of a greenhorn when it comes to social media.

AH: And sharing is caring. But sharing your pants is just a whole other level. We reached into the archives and pulled out two men, one of whom was in need of pants. As It Happens. The Friday Edition. Radio that's always happy to cut you some slacks.

[Music: Theme]

Part 1: 'I just felt ill,' says woman whose mastectomy was cancelled because of the COVID-19 crisis

COVID: business relief

Guest: Doug Stephen

AH: This morning in Ottawa, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau threw a lifeline to Canadian business owners.

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JUSTIN TRUDEAU: Last week we had announced that we would cover 10 percent of wages. But it's becoming clear that we need to do more -- much more. So we're bringing that percentage up to 75 percent for qualifying businesses. This means that people will continue to be paid even though their employer has had to slow down or stop its operations because of COVID-19. We're helping companies keep people on the payroll so that workers are supported and the economy is positioned to recover from this. That is our priority.

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AH: That was Prime Minister Trudeau announcing a massive increase in help for small businesses affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The Canadian restaurant industry has been one of the hardest hit so far, and it's one of the sectors that could be kept afloat by the new subsidy. Doug Stephen co-owns two restaurants, a food truck and a catering company. We reached him in Vancouver.

CO: Doug what is your reaction to the Prime Minister's announcement?

DOUG STEPHEN: I think this is an incredible step forward for small and medium sized businesses who are currently trying to maintain the employment of all their staff. The realities to me are that the more people that we can continue to have employed, that can continue to make purchases from other businesses, this will hopefully help keep our economy afloat and keep all these small businesses afloat. I think it's incredible news.

CO: And when you heard it, when you heard that the 75 percent figure, how did you feel about that? What was your reaction?

DS: I literally did a fist pump while I was in bed. That instantly changed both my wife and myself. It changed the feelings we've been having over the last two weeks now.

CO: Tell us a bit about your business. How many people you employ and what kind of work they're doing?

DS: Between all of our restaurants and food concepts, we have almost 50 employees. And a few have been able to continue operation. A few unfortunately have not, just as the results of the concepts that they are. But this will allow us to help maintain employment and also help take care of those of our staff who have had to take time off because they are either immunosuppressed, have respiratory challenges, or high risk individuals in their household. That's who we were the most concerned about was how they were going to continue to live. And I think with this subsidy, we'll be able to get a paycheque in their hands and be able to take care of them.

CO: Okay. So some of your workers were not able to work or not wanting to work because of their health concerns. And in addition to that, did you have to lay people off?

DS: Thus far, we've actually been fortunate enough that we haven't only because of the nature of our business levels. At one of our concepts, we were actually strongly looking at it up until today's announcement.

CO: Just give us a sense what kinds of services -- if you're still in business, what are you actually doing? What are you offering to the public at this point?

DS: Takeout and pickup. And we have elected to do delivery using our own staff in an effort to maintain this unemployment rate as possible.

CO: And so how much of your business were you losing or had you lost since the lockdown began?

DS: Right now, we're down company wide. We're probably down about 40-45 percent, ranging anywhere from 20 percent in one location to about 50 to 60 percent in the other.

CO: Does this announcement of the wage subsidy -- does it mean that you will not lay anybody off, that you will be able to keep your full staff?

DS: 100 percent.

CO: And do you have to contribute anything -- 75 percent -- to what they're making that goes directly to them? Do you have to contribute anything to that?

DS: We will make sure that anybody who maintains employment with us gets full 100 percent time of their full time hours. And we'll also look at ways to take care of those people who are a part of our full time team who have had to take time off. The unfortunate side of the employment insurance measures that have been announced is that that wasn't enough for some people to pay rent. So I'd much rather them get a paycheque from us and be able to pay their rent.

CO: What are they saying? Is the word out among your employees that this is going to happen, that they're going to be paid?

DS: We literally found out and then came down to the store to do our morning briefing with our staff. Every day, we do a briefing -- well, every day since the pandemic has really started affecting us we've been doing longer briefings. Talking to the staff about every economic option that's being put forward, as well as the nature of where the world's at and asking them and checking how they're doing. So yeah, we got out of bed and we immediately got ready to go and then came down here to the restaurant. And for most of our staff, it was their first time hearing it. There were cheers during our briefing this morning as a result of this.

CO: How close were they to not being able to pay their rent at this point -- if you had to lay them off?

DS: Our crew that we were working with, they were going to probably be fine. But they understood the realities of not just our own business, but the entire Canadian economy, eventually having an effect on all businesses everywhere. And that's some of the things that we talk about. So for them, they also understood that this measure, it's not just for our benefit. It's not just for the people who we currently work beside. This is an opportunity for other small and medium sized businesses that have maybe already closed their doors to reopen and try to find a way to make it work and try to find a way to keep their employees fully employed.

CO: Part of the statement that the prime minister gave was that the point of this is to keep people employed, obviously. But also to have businesses like yours in the position for the recovery when the economy surges to life again, as they were saying. In my own city of Toronto, and as I'm sure it is in Vancouver, I started looking at these businesses and wondering how much of the landscape is going to change, how of many these businesses aren't going to be there when the dust settles or when we recover from this. Was that your concern? Were you starting to think, I just wonder what kind of a city we are going to live in if we aren't able to hold on to these enterprises?

DS: We myself and my business partner sat down with a couple of other friends as this was all starting to kind of shake down -- socially distanced, of course. And we had a very honest conversation amongst all of ourselves. And the reality for most businesses, regardless of how busy they are, they usually only have a couple of months -- especially small to medium sized businesses -- they usually have a couple of months of bare necessity cash flow ready to go in the reserves. I still think this is going to change the landscape of a lot of places. But I think this will at least give a lot more businesses the opportunity to make it through this alive and to also be able to continue business down the road.

CO: Well, Doug, I'm glad things have worked out, at least for the time being with your restaurant. And hopefully it doesn't last long. Thanks so much for speaking with us.

DS: Carol, thank you so much for calling me. I really appreciate it.

AH: Doug Stephen is a restaurant owner. We reached him in Vancouver.

[Music]

Sydney Loney surgery cancelled

Guest: Sydney Loney

AH: Sydney Loney has been waiting for her cancer surgery for weeks. And now because of the demands on Canadian hospitals due to COVID-19, her double mastectomy has been put off indefinitely. The writer and editor has since discovered that she's just one of many people who aren't getting urgent procedures. All of them now face an agonizing wait to find out when they might get the medical help that they need. Sydney Lloney wrote about her experience in a piece published in Maclean's magazine. We reached her in Oakville, Ontario.

CO: Sydney, just how pressing is it for you to get this surgery?

SYDNEY LONEY: From my understanding, breast cancer is fairly serious, so I feel it is rather pressing.

CO: What was your understanding as to when it would be happening?

SL: Well that's a very good question. I have no idea at this point when it will be happening.

CO: What's your doctor telling you?

SL: My doctor is doing the best she can and I think has been left to triage her patients on her, from what I could understand. And she is hoping that by putting me on Tamoxifen, it will just sort of hold the cancer in check for now until such time as we're able to find a surgery date. Until operating rooms are operating at full capacity again.

CO: What did your doctor say to you when she told you that this surgery was not going to go ahead? When you're booked for something like this, your whole life is focused on that, isn't it? That's the moment and your family's moment when it's the beginning of the end of something that has been a nightmare. So how did she tell you that it wasn't going to happen?

SL: Yeah, that's exactly it. I had in my mind and reassured my family that this was going to be taken care of. And by the end of March, there would be nothing to worry about. And she was very matter of fact about it. She, you know, was making the best of a terrible situation. And I understood that. And I also know I'm not the only one. So I was just trying to remain as stoic as I could. It happened so quickly too. We waited for several hours. She came in, sat down, and said we can't do this, (but) here's what we're going to do. And we just sort of did it that way. It was very businesslike. It was like, okay, this is what's going to happen and we're going to hope for the best.

CO: What was your reaction when you heard that?

SL: I felt ill. But, you know...yeah, I just felt ill.

CO: Then you had to go home and tell your family.

SL: Yes, that was the worst part, I think. It's one thing for me. (But) for my kids. And, you know, we really haven't talked about it. And I try not to make it a thing -- I have tried not to make it a thing in our lives. It is just something that, you know, is a minor inconvenience. A bit of a setback. We'll get over it. But now I don't know what to tell them. And I don't know how to reassure them. Telling my family was the worst part.

CO: How old are your kids?

SL: 10 and 13.

CO: So old enough that they knew mom was going to go for the surgery and she was going to get better.

SL: That's right. Yes. And.

CO: What reaction -- what effect has it had on them knowing this?

SL: Yeah. They sort of looked to me to see how I'm reacting. And I just tried to, as I have been, not be emotional about it in front of them. But there are times, especially when I see them upset -- so during the day we're busy and at night everyone is sort of struggling in this sort of very strange time. So there's extra stress anyway. And I think by night time, everyone is a little more upset. And that's when it turns into, you know...they're upset and I'm upset and we're just trying to get through it.

CO: So we're so far talking to you as a cancer patient. And now I want to talk to you as a journalist because you put that other hat on, didn't you, at some point to find out -- to dig a bit deeper into who else is being affected? And what did you find out?

SL: Yeah, I did. The day after that terrible appointment I thought "Oh I should really talk to somebody about this and people should know about this." Because I had no idea. It was still in my understanding that only elective procedures were being cancelled. And then I thought, well, wait a minute, I'm a journalist. I could do it. And I made a few calls. I spoke to a couple of doctors and I learned that this is a widespread pandemic planning thing that's happening in hospitals. And the hospitals are shutting down our activity. And as of last Friday, it was shut down, at least in Toronto, up to 70 percent, with the goal being to get it much higher than that. And really just very minimal procedures are being done. And there doesn't really seem to be -- I would like to see more of a plan in place or hear more of a plan in terms of what exactly is going to happen to this backlog of critically ill people. I'm certainly not the only one with cancer. But it's not just cancer. It's people waiting for organs and people who have heart disease. I mean, I can't even imagine how many people this affects.

CO: But in your research or asking around, what seems to be the case at this point is that the hospitals are anticipating this or preparing for it, but they don't really have that rush of patients yet that they're anticipating. So how could they have done things differently as far as what you've been able to learn?

SL: Yes. And that was something that frustrated me before I even began speaking to a few doctors. I just said, "well, why not get us through? Because backlog is going to be immense." And when I posed that question to one of the physicians I spoke to, he agreed. He said, you know, it was common sense to him to have treated as many people as possible and move them through and gotten them in and out rather than wait. And wait for how long, we don't know. And even now the focus is still on testing and there aren't that many people in the hospital system yet. So it made sense to me and to him to have moved people through. And again, as he said, you know, it will be hindsight to know whether or not that was the right decision. But it's not a decision I understand.

CO: You were diagnosed in January.

SL: Yes -- sort of late December, early January.

CO: And do you have any idea -- can you even find out how much your cancer may have progressed since your diagnosis?

SL: No, because the day that I went for that appointment my doctor sent me to go and have an ultrasound just so that we could see. So it could help her decide whether or not she'd made the right decision, I think. And see, how far my cancer progressed since my last biopsy in early Januar -- my last ultrasound in January. And the diagnostic imaging is also shut down. So I was told, you know, they're not even booking appointments. And she just sort of sent me back with a form and said, you know, try back in May and maybe we'll be booking in May. And that was it. That was the best they could do.

CO: Sydney, I'm sorry you're going through this.

SL: Thank you. I appreciate that.

CO: And I hope that you're able to get what you need as soon as it's possible and that we get through this as quickly as possible.

SL: Yes, absolutely. For me and for everybody else who's waiting.

CO: Sydney, thank you.

SL: Thank you very much.

AH: Sydney Loney is a writer and editor. She was in Oakville, Ontario. You can find more on this story on our webpage: cbc.ca/aih.

[Music]

Police Music

AH: In life under lockdown, enforcement is inevitably part of the equation. And in Europe's hardest hit countries, Italy and Spain, that means police are patrolling the streets. But in Majorca, the sound of their sirens is a welcome intrusion, partly because of the sound that comes next.

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[Siren sound]

[People clapping and singing]

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AH: Police in Majorca, Spain with their rendition of the children's tune Joan Petit. And they're playing for residents who are singing along from their balconies.

[Music]

From our archives: sharing pants guy

AH: For a while now, we've been spending more time in the As It Happens archives. Sure, the archives are housed in the sub sub sub basement of the CBC building and there's a disturbingly large population of feral cats down there. But it's not too dangerous as long as you take some kibble with you. Plus, we're feeling some relief from re-airing some of the odd and amusing stories that we've aired in the past. And so are you, apparently. Here's a call we received.

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VALERIE MEURON: Hi As It Happens. This is Valerie Meuron calling from Victoria, B.C.. And I wanted to say thank you. I have so many favourite shows on CBC. And I wanted to say thank you to you in particular. I don't have email and I'm not online and I don't have television. I don't have a cell phone. So CBC is kind of my lifeline. And particularly, I want to say thank you to As It Happens for being really conscious to include humor and lighthearted stories and uplifting stories in your program these days. It's just so needed, particularly the woman that you had on just recently from a couple of years back that you interviewed who won the laughing...the laughter or the laughing championship in the US. She's great. That was wonderful. And I am daily practicing laughter and upgrading my laughing skills. And it's not that hard to [laughs] it's not that hard to invent. So, anyway, bless your hearts. I'm just so very grateful. I want to wish you to take very, very good care. Keep well and keep me connected. Thank you everybody. Bye bye.

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AH: Keep practicing that laugh Valerie. And thank you for calling. And thank you to everyone who's contacted us with a request or suggestion. Keep them coming. Email us at aih@cbc.ca. Tweet us @CBCAsItHappens. Or leave a message for Talkback at 416-20505687. Now, without further ado, we whisk you back to 2019, a time when we freely mingled together, a time when we shook hands willy nilly, a time when we could just ask a stranger to borrow their pants and that stranger would happily oblige. Okay, that was never a common thing, but it did happen last April, when Jake Wolf, a student at the University of Illinois, arrived at chemistry class in shorts, that wasn't just a fashion faux pas. It was not allowed. And it would cost him marks. So he needed somebody's help and somebody's pants. From our archives, here's Carol's conversation with Mr. Wolf.

CO: Jake take us back to last Tuesday -- just how nice was it that day?

JAKE WOLF: It was so nice. It was like 70s (Fahrenheit). It was great weather for shorts.

CO: And so you had to break out in the shorts. When did you realize you'd made a serious mistake?

JW: At 7:58 -- two minutes before my class that's when I realized.

CO: What would be the consequences of going to that class with shorts?

JW: I would be thrown out of lab which basically guarantees a drop in the letter grade.

CO: And why can't you wear shorts in chemistry?

JW: It's more of a liability -- like if you spill a hazardous chemical on your leg, it could be dangerous so that's why you can't go in with it.

CO: I get it. That makes sense to me. So the class begins at 8:00 -- you are two minutes in, and you're wearing the wrong clothes, you're going to lose a whole grade. Could you go home?

JW: No. I could not go home. In my panicked state I thought maybe I can make it home --changing it back. But the latest you can swipe into class is 8:10. So you can be 10 minutes late and still make the lab, but there is no way I could run home in time. I thought I could that's why I started running but it would be actually impossible.

CO: Okay so when did you get an idea how you might turn this around?

JW: So I was about halfway home, and I looked at my watch and it was 8:04 -- so six minutes has already past. I had six minutes left, and I was only halfway home. So I thought I had to resort to something else. I was in last resort mode -- desperation mode. And that's when I saw Sam walking into -- I think it was the business school in pants. And it was just, "I haven't tried something insane today. Let's give it a go." So that's when I went up and asked him if I could borrow his pants.

CO: And we have Sam Brown on the phone. Hi Sam.

SAM BROWN: Hi. How are you?

CO: Okay. Now, did you know Jake? Had you ever seen him before?

SB: No I had not until he approached me. I had never met him or seen him around campus.

CO: And how did he approach you?

SB: So I was walking in the building and I heard someone behind me yelling, "Hey! Hey! Hey!" So I turned around and looked and I saw some guy running towards the door. He kind of just said like, "ah this is going to sound crazy but I'm running late to my lab -- I'm going to need to borrow your pants." [Laughter] And I was pretty shocked. Nobody's ever come up to me and asked if they could use my pants, especially not a stranger.

CO: Did you wonder about this dude? Did you buy this story?

SB: I mean I could understand the story but it was kind of in a short amount of time. I didn't really have time to think whether this was a good idea or not. So that's kind of when I decided.

CO: What kind of pants were you wearing?

SB: I was wearing black sweat pants.

CO: Okay. Back to you Jake. So what did you guys do?

JW: So we both ran into the business school. I of course didn't know where the bathrooms are. So I was like, "where's the bathroom?" He's like, "oh it's over to your left." And we both rushed in and we switched pants. And I quickly got his number because I wanted to give his pants back. And I didn't even have enough time to like ask for his name. I just saved (number) it in my phone as "Pants." And then I ran to lab. That's what happened.

CO: So they fit? Well they are sweatpants so they're elastic waist, right, so they fit.

JW: Yeah they fit beautifully. [Laughter]

CO: And Sam, how about the shorts? Did they fit you?

SB: Yeah they fit perfectly fine as well.

CO: So then you guys came out wearing each other's clothes. What did you think Sam -- did you think you'd ever see your pants again?

SB: He told me he was going to text me so I believed me. He seemed pretty panicked though. But I was like all right. So I just walked up stairs to class and thought that that was probably one of the crazier things I've done.

CO: When did you connect again with Jake?

SB: So it was around 11:00 when I walked back downstairs and I text him. And he was standing by the bathroom again and he said he was so thankful and that I was a life saver for him -- then we just went back in the bathroom and swap pants.

CO: And Jake how grateful were you?

JW: I was so grateful. Absolutely ecstatic. I actually put 20 bucks in his pants because Sam was such a nice kid for doing that that I knew if I handed him 20 bucks he would definitely say, no no, keep it. So I actually slipped it in his sweatpants and I texted him later that it was in his sweatpants.

CO: And now would you have done the same thing if somebody -- Jake -- if somebody had asked you for your pants -- a stranger?

JW: I mean it depends the vibe that the person would give me. But I feel like if somebody came up to me and asked me like, "dude I need your pants." Like I would definitely think no before I thought yes.

CO: And when you told people about this, how did they respond?

JW: Well I texted my one friend and he thought it was absolutely hilarious. And then I immediately called my mom and she was crying laughing. And then that's when my friend thought it so funny that he tweeted out and the whole thing went viral and blew up.

CO: And so you two are doing interviews -- you're kind of joined at the hip now, aren't you? In so many ways.

JW: Yeah I'd say so.

CO: Jake and Sam it's a great story and I really appreciate you telling it to us. Thank you both.

JW: Thank you for having me.

SB: Thank you.

AH: From our archives, Carol speaking with Jake Wolf, and the heroic pants provider Sam Brown on April 19th, 2019.

[Music]

Part 2: NYC hospitals

NYC hospitals

Guest: Tanzib Hossain

AH: Doctors and nurses in New York City are already at a breaking point. And the peak of the COVID-19 crisis hasn't even hit yet. This week, a hospital in Queens reported 13 deaths in a single day. Some nurses in Brooklyn were trash bags after running out of medical gowns. Another hospital started splitting oxygen from a single ventilator so that two patients could use it. Dr. Tanzib Hossain works at New York University's Langone Hospital in Brooklyn. We reached him in the middle of his busy shift.

CO: Dr. Hossain, we have been following what's happening at your hospital. And just first of all, I want to just thank you and all your colleagues for what you're doing.

TANZIB HOSSAIN: Well, you're welcome. This is what we signed up for. And these are the moments that make a doctor into a doctor.

CO: I'm sure this is not what anybody anticipated could happen in their careers. But just what are you seeing at your shift so far? Today, what's it been like?

TH: In general, what we've been seeing in most of our shifts are just several patients a day coming in for respiratory symptoms. All very similar symptoms: shortness of breath, fever, cough for a few days to the point where by the time they arrive at the hospital, they're having significant shortness of breath and their oxygen levels are very low. What's been different in the last two weeks is really just the volume of these cases of these patients coming in. I think we're used to getting several patients an hour, but with different acuity is with different symptoms, different disease processes -- I think having so many people with the same processes coming in, flooding the emergency rooms, that's what's really difficult was managing the acuity and the volume in a short amount of time.

CO: And as far as dealing with the patients themselves and what they're going through, just the fear, I guess, of what they've got and what it might end with -- how difficult is it for you to actually deal with that level of it?

TH: Yeah. And I think it is very challenging for physicians and all the hospital staff. Everyone who is involved in the hospital and feels the gravity of the situation and understands the seriousness. We try to support each other through it. We try to get some support from the patients themselves. And then honestly, for me, one of the biggest supports really is going home to my wife. She is also a scientist. She is an epidemiologist here. And she is actually in the thick of things, working with the mayor's office on the mayor's COVID council, trying to figure out how the policymakers can improve delivery of equipment, delivery of resources to us. And so when I am able to go home and talk to her and discuss these things with her, I think I'm able to get a bigger picture and put together the support we have between each other, I think really helps once we're outside the hospital. So I think for a lot of physicians, it's the support structure within and outside the hospital that keeps us going. Because without that, this is a very challenging time for us all.

CO: When you have a patient, when you have someone who's come in and you have to intubate them, you have to put them on vital air and on ventilators and they can't have anybody else with them -- they're isolated. What's that like for you? What relationship are you having with them at that point? How are you helping them through that?

TH: Well, one of our jobs as physicians and caretakers including the nurses, respiratory therapists, the whole staff that's there with the patient when the intubation is about to happen -- I think our job is really if the patient is coherent enough to be able to understand what is going on, is to be able to be there for them, be a support, and try to give them hope. A lot of these patients they are so sick that they might not be conscious enough. And so we're doing emergent integrations. And in those cases, there is less of an emotional toll. But the ones who are still alert, I think in those situations, it is very tough -- the ones at the bedside to let the patient know that, hey, we don't have any guarantee that you might be able to come out of this, but we need your consent to do this, because from what we've seen, this is what's going to help you.

CO: And how often are you contemplating the fact that a patient is not going to come out of this?

TH: Every day with every patien that's a concern because this disease is so serious. And it weighs on every one of us when we are doing this each day with each patient, because we don't know which ones will make it through and which ones won't.

CO: You're seeing these patients possibly at their final moments and they don't have family with them. How difficult is that for them, do you think?

TH: I think that is probably one of the most difficult aspects of this pandemic is because of the isolation necessary for everyone else's safety these patients are on their own. Usually in a hospital setting. You will always have family members of some degree friends coming by there with the patients before something as big as an intubation occurs. But in these settings now, these patients are just with us. And I was mentioning earlier how some of the support I get is by going home and being with someone who can understand this and support each other through it. To imagine not having that in the most critical of times in the hospital is just unfathomable.

CO: You desperately need ventilators that's been made clear by your state government and by your city. Yesterday, President Trump scoffed at the request your governor made for 30000 ventilators. If you could show him something, if you could bring him into your hospital and show him what you're dealing with, what would you do? What would you tell him? What would you demonstrate to him about what you're up against?

TH: I think just walking into one of the units and just seeing the gravity of the situation in those units to see how many patients there are of all ages, doesn't matter young or old. Just being able to see the illness process and the effect it has on individuals. That's when you realize that this is serious. It's not just numbers. It's not just projections. It's real people who are being affected.

CO: And you're seeing very young people, aren't you?

TH: Yes.

CO: So this idea that somehow this is something it only takes older people -- and some politicians have said, we'll have to accept that for the sake of rebuilding the economy and opening it up by Easter. What do you say to them?

TH: Honestly, with the rate of admissions we're seeing, I can't see that being a smart solution. At this point, it's still peaking, in my opinion. And so to have a date in mind, it's still too early.

CO: So you feel that there's a sense that it is still going up. When do you think you might hit the sort of peak?

TH: So it's been about a little bit over two weeks now. So I'm hoping within the next two weeks, maybe we'll finally start seeing the tip decrease. And so maybe a probably another six to eight weeks, we're going to be in a position where we can start thinking about other things. But I think it's going to be a couple of weeks at least.

CO: Dr. Hossain, I wish you and your colleagues strength. And again, thank you for what you're doing.

TH: You're welcome.

AH: Tanzib Hossain is a doctor at New York University's Langone Hospital in Brooklyn. And that's where we reached him today.

[Music]

Takaya

AH: Takaya has lived most of his life alone on a tiny island near Victoria, BC. He was a wolf, literally a lone one. But despite his remoteness, he was loved by people all over the world. Those people are in shock today because this week Takaya was shot and killed by hunters on Vancouver Island. The wolf gained international attention after a documentary by Cheryl Alexander, which showed his life on Discovery Island before he swam to Vancouver Island. Ms. Alexander has been following Takaya's life for nearly seven years, and she spoke with CBC Victoria about what the animal's death means to her.

[sc]

CHERYL ALEXANDER: Oh, well, I think Takaya is going to leave a huge legacy. He already had just through the sharing of his story -- I get hundreds of emails and notes a day from people all around the world in places as remote as, you know, Slovenia and Poland and France and Germany and Italy and all the European countries and South Africa. I mean, it's phenomenal that chord that he has touched with people. And you know what's happened right now and it was so horrendous for me to have to put this out on my Instagram about Takaya being killed because he actually in this time we're facing in which people around the world are finding themselves isolated and afraid and needing to figure out how to survive. And he actually was providing people with hope and with, you know, a perspective that he was probably the biggest isolationist in the world. He'd spent most of his life in isolation. And that gave people a sense of hope that he was, you know, able to figure it out, that he survived. And if he could, then so can we figure it out. And it's just so sad that I had to tell people at this time when they need hope that this terrible thing had happened.

[/sc]

AH: Cheryl Alexander, who produced a documentary about Takaya the lone wolf that once lived on Discovery Island. On Tuesday, hunters shot and killed Takaya.

[Music]

Ancient donkey polo

Guest: Fiona Marshall

AH: The polo player takes the field. Mallet in hand. The player's powerful steed trots into place, its sleek flanks gleaming in the sunlight. Its maine gently rippling in the breeze. Then it slowly opens its mouth and brays like a squeaky swingset. What I'm getting at is the steed was a donkey and his rider was a Chinese noblewoman. The discovery of a set of rare donkey bones has provided physical proof that the animals were used to play polo in China more than a thousand years ago. Fiona Marshall is one of the researchers. She's an anthropologist at Washington University in St. Lewis. We reached her in St. Lewis, Missouri.

CO: Professor Marshall, first of all, our donkeys really fast enough to play polo?

FIONA MARSHALL: That's a good question. In fact, they are. Donkeys were domesticated from their ancestor, Equus Africanus, which is a very fast animal known as African wild ass. They are beautiful. they look more like Arabian horses with stripy legs and long ears. And in fact, wild horses did. And they could move fast. And so it varies with the kind of donkey around the world. The miniatures would not be as fast. But donkeys can move quickly.

CO: We're actually quite interested in your African wild ass. And that sounds like quite the animal. Now, we're not going there. But do they cooperate enough to play polo -- the donkeys?

FM: I haven't personally played polo with a donkey. The game of Lvju was written in the Tang historic literature in China that lots of people played it. And in fact, if you look on the Internet, you will find communities playing polo on donkeys today -- to attract tourists in the foothills of the Himalaya. And it looks as if they're moving pretty far. [Laughter]

CO: So there is written evidence that donkeys were used to play polo in imperial China. So what's the significance of what you've discovered now?

FM: So there's two ways in which it was an extraordinary finding. One is that no donkeys have been documented physically in ancient societies east of Iran. So these are the first donkeys known. They should be there, according to some of the ancient literature and certainly would have been important on the Silk Route, but the bones have not been found. So just finding donkeys at all is very exciting. And then in terms of the polo, the same thing is true. The literature suggests there was polo. That's also true of horse polo. Horse polo is depicted on murals in some of the emperors tombs, but there was no material evidence of any kind of people playing polo on donkeys -- no paintings, no new sculptures, and no bones.

CO: So finding these bones of donkeys in the tomb of this woman, I guess, it's important to know who she might have been.

FM: Yes, exactly. And that was not known when they excavated this tomb in order to save it. They they would not have known whose tomb it was. The architecture made it evident it was a Tang Dynasty elite tomb. So somebody important was buried there. But who whether man or woman, was not known until they finished the research. So she was Cui Shi. The inscriptions on the two were very specific. We know she was the lady Cui Shi. We know she was in her 50s. We knew the date of her burial. And so that was a revelation that a noble woman would ever be buried with three donkeys would be totally unexpected.

CO: What does it tell you, though, about the donkeys themselves? How do you know that they were polo donkeys that she had buried with her?

FM: So all the different lines of evidence put together don't make sense in any other way unless the donkey was used for polo. So the history is really important there. The history of the times, the history of the family, and the bones themselves. All three of those things point in the direction of polo. So the Tang Emperor of the time was really passionate about polo. And in fact, he even advanced Cui Shi's husband who who became first a general and then the governor of two really important Tang provinces. It's said in the histories that he was advanced because he was so good at polo. And the Emperor really cared about polo. In fact, the emperor even said he's famous for saying if polo is an imperial examination, I would have excelled [laughter. So polo was played by the court at the time, and it was originally played by generals as a way to prepare for war against the nomads.

CO: But you mentioned that the murals we have, the depictions, we have horses with the polo -- with the donkeys, was this a more kind of, I guess, acceptable female version of polo? Was that why she would be having playing donkey polo?

FM: We don't know exactly why. The texts only mentioned slightly. They don't give an account of a donkey polo game. They say that donkey polo Lvju was well known and women played it. Older people played it and also people without horses. And so it's inferred that it was safe that the donkeys are lowered to the ground and went a little more slowly. But most importantly, donkeys don't startled the way horses do. That's because their wild ancestors are not herd animals. So they will not just follow a leader who's galloping away. They make their own decisions. They are much more steady.

CO: So Cui Shi had these donkeys buried with her because she intended to play polo in the afterlife, I guess.

FM: Yes. Well, it sounds a little wild, but it's the only explanation that makes sense. In fact, there was a government regulatory body specifically in charge of animals for the Tang Imperial State. And they specified that cattle could not be slaughtered and neither could horses and nor could donkeys. And the reason for the horses and the donkeys was they was so important for state transport so they could only be killed for a very important sacrifice or ceremony. And no donkey ceremony had ever been recorded. But horses and cattle had. So the only reason the donkeys would be present in the tomb was because they were killed in a ceremony at the time she was buried. And the only contact a woman, a noble woman, would have with donkeys would be through donkey polo.

CO: Quite the story. And we needed that story Professor Marshall -- something to take our minds off everything else. But thank you so much for speaking with us.

FM: [Chuckles] My pleasure.

AH: Fiona Marshall is an anthropologist at Washington University in St. Lewis. She was in St. Lewis, Missouri.

[Music]

Thanks, Tim

AH: We've got a little campfire story for you. It's about a cowpoke who's out there exploring the Wild Frontier. A fellow by the name of Tim. Tim Send is the head of security at the National Cowboy Museum in Oklahoma City. In normal times, he keeps city slickers from putting their greasy hands on the historic wagon, wheels and whatnot. But when COVID-19, rode into town, the museum shut down, leaving Tim to run what they call the social media. Now, at first, Tim was kind of a greenhorn. For example, near the start of his stint, he tweeted "Twitter tips, please." Then he tweeted, "Sorry. Thought that I was Googling that. Thanks, Tim." He signs off every tweet: Thanks, Tim. And early on, he also tweeted a photo of John Wayne's hat from the movie True Grit. And he wrote hashtag John Wayne as three separate words. No pound sign. In a follow up he wrote, thanks for all the tips friends -- realized I have been doing the hashtags wrong. I need to use that pound sign from the phone I'm learning. Then he added hashtag, hashtag John Wayne as in the hashtag sign. The word hashtag and John Wayne. Over the last 10 days old Tim's become a reluctant international hero, posting dad jokes and pictures from around the National Cowboy Museum, usually featuring the hashtag #thecowboy hat is the hashtag sign the word hashtag and the cowboy. And always adding, Thanks, Tim. Well, Tim, we're much obliged that you saddled up. And if it's all the same to you, we're going to sign off with your catchphrase. Thanks, Tim.

[Music]

Part 3: Encore: One Day

Encore: One Day

AH: Some days stand out because they're historic. November 11th, 1919, the end of the First World War. July 20th, 1969, the moon landing. And a date that needs no further explanation, September 11th, 2001. But Gene Weingarten believes that all days are remarkable, that they're all full of unique and fascinating occurrences and therefore all compelling. And to prove it, The Washington Post reporter decided to pick a random date and find as many interesting tales as he could. The result is a book called One Day: The Extraordinary Story of an Ordinary 24 Hours in America. In November, he spoke to Carol about the stories he dug up. And tonight, we bring you that feature interview again.

CO: Gene, first of all, welcome to As It Happens.

GENE WEINGARTEN: It's great to be here.

CO: This is an unlikely premise for a book, and I must say I approached it with trepidation because I didn't think you could pull this off. But it's extraordinary. The stories are… they’re life-altering, they’re jaw-dropping, they are too good to be true, too good to be fiction too. So were you just blessed with the gods of journalism, or was this a lot of hard work?

GW: Well, to be honest, I approached it with trepidation as well. This was sort of the result of a combination of stupidity and arrogance. I found myself approaching my mid-60s, and thinking that I was becoming a little too complacent. And so I decided to do something that challenged me in a way that I wasn't sure I could actually make it work. And for your listeners who happen to be writers or aspiring writers, I don't recommend doing this.

CO: [deep laughter] Okay, so you wanted to pick a random date in the calendar, and you came up with December 28th, 1986 — which I think most people in the business of journalism could tell you that that is a really bad idea. How did you come up with that date?

GW: Well, my editor and I went to a restaurant, and we brought in this old green fedora just for dramatic purposes. And we crumpled into it little pieces of paper with numbers on them. We had children select the numbers. There were three drawings, one of them for the 31 possible days of the month, one of them for the 12 possible months of the year, and one of them for the year. And we did that obviously simply to establish that this was going to be utterly random. What we wound up with was disturbing because number one, it turned out to be a Sunday — which as all journalists know, is the weakest news day of the week. It turned out to be the week between Christmas and New Year's — which is always the weakest news week of the year. And 1986 didn't really seem to ring many bells for great news. So we figured we had the worst day of the week and the worst week and a bad year.

CO: [laughing] But you couldn't back out. And, of course, you had all these witnesses around the green fedora. And so you were stuck with December 28th, 1986. And you set out to tell stories of 24 hours in America. And all the most extraordinary and ordinary stories you could find. So how did you do that?

GW: Well, we did have Google. And probably 75 per cent of the stories that I wound up finding out about were pulled from some websites from Google, from some legal websites, et cetera. But, of course, that was only the beginning of the story. You got a tiny hint of something that happened on that day. Most of the rest of it was research that seemed to last forever.

CO: [laughing] How long did you work on this?

GW: Well, there’s an interesting way to answer that question [laughing]. My book contract called for the book to be done in two years. And it was done in six years. And any journalists listening to this will have this quick intake of breath and horror. It took way longer than I thought because these stories became way richer and deeper and more complicated than I ever expected.

CO: This is what's so interesting because you take a story that looks small, and you keep pulling the thread until you get a big, big ball of yarn, don't you? And I want to talk to some of them. You start at midnight or just after midnight on this day. And you go through the day and the country with the stories. But there are two stories about fires in this collection. I want to ask you about the one that begins at three o'clock in the morning in Falls City, Nebraska — with a man named Todd Thrane, and two children who die in a fire with him. What did you start with in that story?

GW: That's a good question. That was one of those stories that started with a single paragraph. There was a story — I believe it was in the New York Times — that just said two children and their babysitter died in a house fire. That was all I knew. It's a little national story that kind of usually results in a paragraph. It developed into this gothic melodrama almost unbelievable in its complexity.

CO: All the people involved, you tracked them down, everyone that was involved in that fire, who was there, who wasn't who died, you found out the story, what had happened to them up to that point, and then what happened to them since — including the woman whose children were being babysat that night, Becky Gill. Can you tell us about her?

GW: Well, the complexity was that even though the newspaper reports called him the babysitter, Todd Thrane was not actually the babysitter of Becky Gill's two children. He was her boyfriend, and he was living in the house with her. He was a hellion. He was a guy who had never done anything right in his life. My memory is he was 20. And on that early morning, when he was alone with the children, he did something right in this really dramatic way. He could have run from this house. The fire started when everybody was asleep, but he went for the children. And it was a gigantic tragedy. Obviously, they all three died. But he died a hero. He was in their room trying to get them out of bed when he was overcome by flames and smoke. The story didn't end there. Because it turned out, and again this all happened through reporting, none of this was public. It turned out that Becky was pregnant with his son. And I found that son 30 years later.

CO: We don't want to spoil stories because all of them are there's cliffhangers, and they're dramatic. And, of course, I do want to ask you about some other stories. We’ll just tell people that we are listening to As It Happens, and I'm speaking with Gene Weingarten about his book The Extraordinary Story of an Ordinary 24 Hours in America. The book is called One Day. And, Gene I want to ask you about… well, a number of these stories there are just chance things happen, and little things that change the course of lives. And you revisit a helicopter crash in Matlock, Washington. And it was a bad crash, could have gone a whole lot worse, right? What happened in that story?

GW: There were two friends who took a tiny helicopter to go fishing early in the morning that day. And on the way back, they encountered bad weather. Visibility became very difficult, and they had to do an emergency landing in this field that was filled with logging detritus. It's a strange thing with small helicopters, but one way to see better is to remove the doors so that you don't have to deal with fogging windows. So they removed the doors and took off again. And something almost unbelievably ridiculous happened. The odds against it were millions-to-one, but a metal band caught on one of the struts. The metal band was something that had held the lumber together. And it inverted the helicopter. The helicopter suddenly flipped upside down. And these guys landed on their heads. The last thing that the pilot remembers thinking was nobody ever survives this, but it turns out they did.

CO: But then within 24 hours, Brad Wilson has another accident, doesn't he?

GW: Yeah, he almost died twice within 24 hours. He was going with a tow truck operator to the scene of the crash to try to rescue what he could of his mangled helicopter. And something went wrong with his car, and he went sailing off at 50 miles an hour into a ditch. He actually survived that too.

CO: And then you don't stop the story there [GW sighs]. You carry on to find out in what way this man — Brad Wilson — might have regarded this extraordinary bit of luck that he survived two accidents in 24 hours. And he does some things that help others or save others, right?

GW: Brad is not a guy who thinks that much philosophically. He’s a very smart man. But, you know, he doesn't stop to wonder about cosmic coincidences. So I raised the question what do you do when your life is saved twice within 24 hours? You know, do you repay this? And his response mostly was nah. But then you dig deeper into what happened to his life afterwards, and he wound up saving four people in two different accidents with his helicopter alone. You know, just making these amazing, miraculous discoveries. Depending on how you look at life, you can look at this as something religious or you and look at it as amazing coincidence. But, you know, this man whose life was saved twice in one day saved four lives afterwards.

CO: Okay, this is why though the book is so successful — because you're a terrific storyteller. Though Brad Wilson would see these as random events not associated, you see the narrative arc, you see this ah-huh, here's the story. Here's where it begins. And then you arc it to include what other elements he may not have seen in that story. That's the essence of this, isn't it?

GW: It is. And I thank you for that. The idea of the book was to explore the thesis that there is no such thing as an ordinary day. That it didn't matter what day I wound up getting in that silly drawing with the old fedora. Whatever day it was, if you dig deeply enough into it, you would wind up with the full breadth of human experience. You know, tragedy, comedy, irony, cosmic comeuppances, whatever. And I wasn't at all sure that that's what was going to happen. I was hoping that's what was going to happen. But it did, to my astonishment actually.

CO: But you know this works because you have assigned people as an editor to go out and get a story, knowing that they either come back with a really good story or they shouldn't be there, and they should lose their job. So you have that skill, you expect that of others, don't you, in the business of journalism?

GW: I do. You know, I had tested this many years ago as an editor at the Washington Post where I took four of my favourite writers — five of them actually. And brought them into a room and produced five thick phone books. Remember when they used to be phone books?

CO: [deep laughter] Yes, I do.

GW: And I gave each of them a hammer and a nail, and said hammer this nail into the phone book as deep as you want. And then open the phone book and find the name that it ended on. And find this person and go and do a profile of them. This was examining the same idea, but in a smaller context. And we did get five great stories. Part of that is just the magic of stories being everywhere.

CO: I am speaking with Gene Weingarten about his The Extraordinary Story of an Ordinary 24 Hours in America. The book is One Day. And some of these stories… well, you have more to work with, don't you? I mean, there's these kind of historical moments. You revisit a hospital in Virginia — where doctors are performing heart surgery for the first time — a heart transplant I should say. So what would drew you to this story?

GW: That was one of the stories that obviously got in the newspapers the next day. So it was easy to find. But all that I knew initially was that this was the first heart transplant ever done in the Washington, D.C. area. And it was done by a team of nurses and doctors who had never done one before. They had been practicing for two years in this grisly, macabre scene that kept repeating itself in the morgue. They were working with dead bodies. But none of them actually knew for sure this would work. It turned out that there were two remarkable stories behind this surgery in both directions. In one case, the question was who was the donor? And the donor was a murderer — a deeply disturbed young man, also 20 years old, who essentially had been stalking and beating his girlfriend. She had broken up with him just before Christmas, and he killed her and then committed suicide. You know, it was this horrific story behind the heart that would wind up going into an innocent young woman's body.

CO: Into a young woman who is not going to survive unless she gets a heart transplant. This is Eva Baisey

GW: Yeah, Eva was dying very short-term. With heart transplants, you don't have the luxury of days to prepare. You are told there is a donor, and that surgery happens within hours. And that what happened that day. The astonishing kind of amazing story behind that operation performed by people who had never done it — except two corpses — is that 33 years later, Eva is still alive. And it’s kind of emotional, but heart transplants patients don't live that long. She is among the longest lived transplant patients on the planet. And, interestingly, she was a nursing student at the time. And what she said was all she wanted to do in her life was help old people and babies. And that's what she does now.

CO: With the heart of Mark Willey.

GW: Yeah, the heart of a murderer.

CO: And I think part of the reason why you're emotional about this because you trace all these people down. This isn't just you make some calls and paste it together, you find these people, you spent time with Eva. And what does she say to you now about that, about the heart that's in her?

GW: I wound up having to ask her a really impertinent question. And no one had ever asked her that before. And the question was how do you feel about having the heart of a murderer? And she took a moment to think about this because she actually she hadn't thought about it before. There was something that happens with heart transplant patients where it is such a difficult ordeal to survive that they tend not to get involved in the lives of the donor. It's not ingratitude. It's that you don't really want to incorporate somebodies tragedy into your own life. You have enough problems to deal with. And so Eva had never really thought about that before. And she finally said something really profound, and it disturbed some people. But I found that amazing. She said, well, you know, this this could have been the result of something tragic, but utterly meaningless like a car accident. But in this case, it was the result

of, for-better-or-worse, a misplaced passion. It came out of love in a way — even though it was a tragic love. But it came out of some human connection. And she said she thought that was better.

CO: In these stories, there's a whole range of things. You deal with people who have AIDS. You deal with Cold War tensions. You deal with the family of a young woman who is murdered because she happened to be in the wrong place at the wrong time. There's so many, and I urge people to read these because they're just tremendous tales. But there's a love story that you tell close to the end. And this deals with a couple who… well, they meet in a strange way, and end up married. So can you tell us about them?

GW: This is the most improbable love affair that probably ever happened. It happened at a sleazy pickup joint in Long Island — where a woman who was on this awful crusade to find a new man. She laughs about it today, but she had had something like ten dates with twelve different men in the last two weeks. I think she was 39 at the time. And she went to this pickup joint just trolling for somebody. She went with a boyfriend she didn't care about. And she meets this guy, and they spend five minutes together. They have to split up when her date walks in the door. So they exchange information. They exchanged phone numbers. That's it. That's what happened on the day I was writing about. The following day, he doesn't call her — even though he said he would. So she calls him. He said yeah, let's go out tonight. And so they went out for dinner, and they go back to her house. He falls asleep with his head on her lap on her couch. The next day, he takes her out to an office party, and they get spectacularly drunk. And at one point, she says to him like in the slurred voice, we love each other, don't we? He said, yeah, I guess so. And she says why don’t we get married? And he says, yeah, sure. And then she says why don't we tell everyone? So he stands up and announces that he's engaged to this woman who's swaying at his side. And that was the third day they were together. On the fourth day, he shows up at her house and moves.

CO: [laughing] And, of course, all of this is the most improbable beginning for any relationship. I mean, so I'm reading this thinking oh, this is doomed.

GW: Exactly!

CO: But you take it years later. They have a child. They raise a family. They go through all kinds of things. They finish each other's sentences. They're still together years later.

GW: My favourite part is that when he literally moved in, he discovered for the first time that she had two little boys. [both laugh] It just hadn't come up somehow. So yeah, and they're still together, about as in love as two people can be [CO laughs]. And why this happened, and how this worked, it's very hard to pass exactly. But I think mostly, it was just these two people were meant for each other.

CO: But then again, you're the one who found the shape in that. And I know that you mentioned somewhere — I think in the acknowledgements — that you apologize to about 500 people you interviewed who may or may not have ended up in the book. I mean you talked to a lot of people, a lot of leads that didn't go anywhere. So [chuckle] where did they go? Because other ones pay off handsomely, don't they of these stories?

GW: There were various stories. I mean, part of it is that journalism was often called the first rough draft of history. And what I did discover is many of the initial stories I was reading about weren't quite correct. Others involved stories that I couldn't confirm to my satisfaction. I thought they had happened, but I just wasn't sure enough to put them in the book.

CO: Gene, do you have any idea what you were doing on December 28th, 1986?

GW: [Chuckling] You think I hadn’t asked myself that? I don't know what I was doing on that day, but I do know that I was an editor at The Miami Herald. I was the editor of the Sunday magazine. And on that day, a story that I had written a few days before appeared in the magazine. It wound up being an absolutely pivotal to the remainder of the book because it was about an accident that I had had — a car accident — where I had almost died a few years before. It was sort of miraculous. A car literally rolled over me, but didn't touch me. It bounced over me. And I should not have survived an accident. And I did. And I wrote about it, and the story I wrote about it happened to appear on the day I wrote my book about. The import of the story was that for a couple of months after that accident, the whole world changed for me. I wound up appreciating little things more than I could ever imagine, food tasted better, utterly everything changed. I became far more appreciative of the wonders of life. And then slowly that went away. And it was a tragedy. I tried to hold on to it, but I couldn't because this is how we live. You know, we live in the banal. And as it turns out, that idea was very important to the end of the book. So I wound up including my story as well.

CO: Well, I don't think you live in the banal — at least in your imagination. You have the ability to make the ordinary extraordinary. And you did that in this book, Gene. And I appreciate that. Thank you.

GW: Well, thank you. And it was a delight to be here.

CO: Bye-bye.

GW: Bye.

AH: Gene Weingarten is a reporter at The Washington Post and a two time Pulitzer Prize winner. He's the author of One Day The Extraordinary Story of an Ordinary 24 Hours in America. He spoke to Carol in November. And you can find that conversation on our website: cbc.ca/aih.

[Music]

Zebra Crossing

AH: Every dark cloud has a silver lining. In this case, the cloud is extremely dark, but it has a silver lining for some lines. The lines in question make up a pretty well-known zebra crossing on a fairly famous street in London, England. Some pretty well-known musicians were once photographed striding across that crossing and those lines just over a half a century ago. That photograph became the cover of an album named for the street Abbey Road by the Beatles. But the bright white lines that John, Paul, George and Ringo walked on, began to disappear over time. Casualties of too much love and more literally, too many feet. More than 600000 every year, give or take, belonging to all the fans who make the pilgrimage to what is now a national monument in the UK -- and make awkward attempts to recreate that iconic album cover. So it needed some sprucing up. But the problem was stopping traffic, car and foot to do that. Then this week, London streets abruptly emptied as the government belatedly instituted a coronavirus lockdown. And with the sudden absence of fan-ish footfall, that famous site finally got a dazzling coat of fresh paint. And that's how the zebra crossing got its stripes.

March 27, 2020 Episode Transcript

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