A brief history of Canadian actors at the Oscars

After three straight years of  nominees thanks to Ryan Gosling, Rachel McAdams and Christopher Plummer, the Canadian Oscar streak in the acting categories (our longest since the 1940s) came to an end this morning. While there were quite a few Canadians in the overall mix (they dominated the short film categories), actors were not among them, despite Gosling's long shot bid at another nomination, this time for First Man.

But let's take a trip down Oscar memory lane anyway, because the history of Canadian actors at the Academy Awards is a fascinating one. In fact, we dominated the first few decades of acting Oscars. From 1929 (the year of the first ceremony) to 1949, thespian Canucks received 18 nominations and took home five statuettes. And while we lost out this year, there's definitely been a resurgence as of late.

Mary Pickford

The first Canadian to ever win an Oscar was also the second ever to win best actress and the first for a role in a film with sound. "America's Sweetheart," aka Toronto-born Mary Pickford, won for 1929's Coquette, in which she plays reckless socialite Norma Besant. Her win arguably remains the most controversial for any Canadian, with many in the industry accusing Pickford — who was one of the founding members of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, the group that hands out the Oscars — of using her clout in the organization to lobby for the award (she reportedly even invited judges over for tea!). If that's true, Pickford was a pioneer in yet another regard: these days, that kind of campaigning is the norm. Either way, it didn't stop the Academy from giving Pickford a second Oscar — this time an honourary one — in 1976.

Norma Shearer

A year after Pickford's first win, Montreal's Norma Shearer managed to beat herself to win the third Oscar for best actress. It's now against Academy rules for an actor to receive two nominations in the same category, but back in 1931, Shearer did just that for her roles in The Divorcee and Their Own Desire. She'd go on to win for the former, a role her then-husband Irving Thalberg — who was also the head of MGM, the studio that produced the film — had originally wanted Joan Crawford for. It wouldn't be Shearer's first trip to the Oscars, either. She went on to receive four more nominations for A Free Soul (1931), The Barretts of Wimpole Street (1934), Romeo and Juliet (1936) and Marie Antoinette (1938). That makes Shearer the most Oscar-nominated Canadian actor of all time, and gives her a higher count than the likes of Elizabeth Taylor, Audrey Hepburn and Leonardo DiCaprio (each of those folks have a mere five nominations to Shearer's six).

Marie Dressler

In Canada's greatest non-hockey hat trick, Marie Dressler became our third straight winner in the best actress Oscar category in 1931. The Cobourg, Ont.-born Dressler's work as an innkeeper in Min and Bill beat out Shearer's aforementioned work in A Free Soul, marking the first and only time two Canadian actors have competed against one another in the same category. It was also part of a remarkable comeback story for Dressler, who turned 61 years old the day before the Oscar ceremony (Shearer and Pickford were 28 and 37, respectively, when they won). Dressler had risen to fame on Broadway in the 1890s and starred opposite Charlie Chaplin in 1914's Tillie's Punctured Romance — the first ever feature-length comedy film. But by the 1920s, her career had declined to the point that she had to live on her savings in a shared apartment. However, she rose again to become ranked as the top film star of 1932 and 1933, and received an additional Oscar nomination a year after her win for Emma.

Walter Huston

Behind Norma Shearer, the most Oscar-nominated Canadian actor, is Toronto-born Walter Huston, who was nominated for best actor in 1936 (for Dodsworth) and 1941 (for The Devil and Daniel Webster) and for best supporting actor in 1942 (for Yankee Doodle Dandy) and 1948 (for The Treasure of the Sierra Madre). He'd finally win for Sierra Madre, a film directed by his son John Huston (who also won Oscars that year for best director and best adapted screenplay). Though Walter would pass away two years later in 1950, his family's Oscar legacy lived on as his son John would go on to direct Walter's granddaughter Anjelica Huston to an Oscar for 1985's Prizzi's Honor. They are the only family to have three generations of Oscar winners, and it all started when John was born into a family of Ontario farmers in 1883.
 

Raymond Massey

​Grandson of Hart Massey (the man behind Toronto cultural landmark Massey Hall), Raymond Massey rose to fame for playing, oddly enough, archetypal U.S. historical figures. In fact, he portrayed President Abraham Lincoln in two films — a Pulitzer Prize-winning play and a television anthology series (take that, Daniel Day-Lewis) — and won an Oscar nomination in the process. In 1940, his work in the film Abe Lincoln In Illinois got him nominated alongside the remarkable likes of James Stewart, Charlie Chaplin, Henry Fonda and Laurence Olivier. He didn't win, but if there were ever four people you would want to lose an Oscar to...

​Walter Pidgeon

​Saint John, NB's own Walter Pidgeon is the only Canadian to ever be nominated for back-to-back best actor Oscars, for 1942's Mrs. Miniver and 1943's Madame Curie. Both of the films co-starred Greer Garson, who was also nominated on each occasion. While Garson would win for Miniver, Pidgeon lost both times. But he would still go on to find 30 more years of consistent film, stage and television work, receiving a Tony Award nomination for the 1959 musical Take Me Along.

Hume Cronyn

In what you'll soon see is a bit of a trend, Hume Crowyn was born in London, Ont., where his father was an Member of Parliament and his mother the heiress to the Labatt Brewing Company. But it would be their son who would become the family's most famed member. This was made clear in 1944, when he was nominated for a best supporting actor Oscar for The Seventh Cross, in which he starred alongside his wife Jessica Tandy. The two had married two years earlier and would go on to co-star in several films together. Tandy wouldn't receive her first Oscar nomination until 1989 for Driving Miss Daisy — and unlike Cronyn, she won.

​Alexander Knox

The same year Cronyn was nominated for The Seventh Cross, Alexander Knox received a best actor Oscar nod for playing Woodrow Wilson in Henry King's Wilson. And that wasn't all they had in common: three years older than the 1911-born Cronyn, Knox was born a few miles down the road from London in Strathroy, Ont., and at one point worked as a reporter for Cronyn's hometown paper The London Advertiser. His big break came in the 1940 Broadway production Jupiter Laughs where he starred opposite — wait for it — Jessica Tandy. Also of note: Knox is the second Canadian to be nominated for an Oscar for playing an American president.

Harold Russell

Beating Walter Huston by two years, Harold Russell became the first Canadian male to win an acting Oscar for 1947's The Best Years of Our Lives. The thing is, though, that Russell wasn't really an actor. Born in North Sydney, NS, Russell lost both his hands serving in World War II, and while recovering was featured in an Army film called Diary of a Sergeant about rehabilitating war veterans. Best Years director William Wyler saw the film and decided to cast Russell as Navy sailor Homer Parrish. As a result, he is one of only two non-professional actors to win a statue (the other being Haing S. Ngor) and the only person who won two Oscars for the same role (the Academy also gave him an honourary award).

John Ireland

Robert Rossen's 1949 film adaptation of the Pulitzer Prize-winning novel All The Kings Men (the first of many) found Vancouver-born John Ireland winning his first and only Oscar nomination. He'd lose, but for what it's worth, he would notably go on to star in and co-direct the original The Fast and the Furious, written by the great Roger Corman and bearing very little resemblance to the Vin Diesel-led blockbuster series that shares its name.

Geneviève Bujold​ 

The legendary Geneviève Bujold​ has a remarkable filmography that spans seven decades and includes everything from Alain Resnais' The War Is Over (1966), Brian De Palma's Obsession (1976), David Cronenberg's Dead Ringers (1988) and Don McKellar's Last Night (1998). But her only Oscar nomination — which is shockingly also the only one ever received by a French-Canadian actress — was for her first English-speaking performance as Anne Boelyn in the 1969 film Anne of the Thousand Days. She'd lose to another legend, Maggie Smith, who won her first of two Oscars that year for The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie.

Chief Dan George

The band chief of the Tsleil-Waututh Nation in British Columbia from 1951 to 1963, Chief Dan George also has the considerable distinction of becoming the first First Nations actor to be nominated for an Oscar. After starting his acting career on the CBC Television series Cariboo County, he starred alongside Dustin Hoffman and Faye Dunaway in Arthur Penn's 1970 film Little Big Man. He was awarded a National Society of Film Critics Award, New York Film Critics Circle Award and nominations from both the Golden Globes and the Oscars for the film; a year later, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada.

Dan Aykroyd​

How easy is it to forget that Dan Aykroyd was a) in Driving Miss Daisy and b) was nominated for an Oscar for it? After a serious drought — 20 years — of Canadian acting nominees, Ottawa-born Aykroyd led a mini-resurgence as he made his way to the Oscars' good graces for his performance as Canada's favourite co-star Jessica Tandy's son in the 1989 film. The film would go on to win best picture; Aykroyd, meanwhile, lost to Denzel Washington for Glory.

Graham Greene

A year after Aykroyd, Graham Greene would also lose the best supporting actor Oscar for a best picture-winning film. As Kicking Bird in Kevin Costner's Dances With Wolves, Greene — born on the Six Nations Reserve in Ontario — followed Chief Dan George as the second First Nations Oscar acting nominee. Greene lost to Joe Pesci for Goodfellas, but three years later would get something of a consolation prize: he won a Gemini Award for best performance in a children's or youth program or series for The Adventures of Dudley the Dragon.

Kate Nelligan

​Guess where this nominee was born? That's right, London, Ont. — birthplace of more acting Oscar nominees than any other Canadian city. In 1991, Kate Nelligan was nominated for her role as Lila Newbury in Barbra Streisand's adaptation of Pat Conroy's novel The Prince of Tides (which Streisand herself was infamously snubbed for). And while she might have lost to Mercedes Rheul (for The Fisher King), she was in good company: none other than Jessica Tandy was nominated in the best supporting actress category too, for Fried Green Tomatoes.

Anna Paquin

​The first Canadian-born actress to win an Oscar in over 60 years, Anna Paquin is actually an arguable inclusion here. While born in Winnipeg, her family moved to New Zealand when she was four and she is generally associated with the latter as a nationality. But that aside, she technically qualifies and notably was the second-youngest Oscar winner in history when she won best supporting actress for The Piano in 1993. She also gave a Jacob Tremblay-level adorable speech:

Christopher Plummer

​After receiving his first nomination two years prior, Canadian film, theater and television icon Christopher Plummer finally took home a little gold man in 2012 for Beginners. As a result, he became the oldest winner in any acting category. Which female actress holds that record? Jessica Tandy. And last year Plummer got a shot at beating his own record when he was unexpectedly nominated a third time for All The Money In The World, the film he infamously replaced Kevin Spacey on just a few weeks before it was releaed.

Ryan Gosling

Two years ago, La La Land helped London, Ont.-born Gosling received his second best actor Oscar nod — 10 years and a day after he was first nominated for Half Nelson in 2006. While it's hard feel sorry for Ryan Gosling, one could easily argue he also deserved nominations for Lars and the Real Girl, Blue Valentine and/or Drive. But either way, he is only the third Canadian to ever receive two nominations for best actor in Oscars history — and in the past 66 years of that history, he's been the only Canadian to even be nominated in the category.

Elliot Page

Halifax's Elliot Page was only 20 years old when he was nominated for for Jason Reitman's Juno, at the time making him the fourth-youngest nominee ever in the best actress category (and retroactively the first trans man nominated in the category). While Juno wasn't a Canadian production — even though its star, director and shooting location might make you think otherwise — Page was nominated alongside British-born Julie Christie for his role in Sarah Polley's Ontario-set Away From Her. Both lost to Marion Cotillard, who we hear once had dinner in London, Ont. 

Rachel McAdams

Finally, Ryan Gosling's former on-screen and off-screen partner (and, of course, fellow Londoner) Rachel McAdams became the 20th Canadian to receive an acting nomination three years ago for her work in best picture winner Spotlight. She'd lose to Alicia Vikander, but we have high hopes she'll be back (frankly, she should've been back this year for Game Night).

Editor's note: this is an updated version of a previous story.